vacuum ; 
validate , , , 
validity of the test data  []  
valley 1. ,  2. ,  3. ,  4. ,  5.  ,   alluvial ~ ,    laced ~ ,       metal ~        open ~      ,   ;            woven ~ . laced valley 
value 1.  (),  2. ,  ||  3,   abrasion ~   ,   () absolute ~   absolute ~ of a vector  [ ]  acid ~   actual ~  [, ]  () aesthetic ~  ,   aggregate crushing ~      air-entry ~  ,     - average ~   bedding ~   boundary ~   calculation ~  ;   calorific ~   cementing ~  []  collective ~ of a building    color ~   conventional true ~ (of a quantity) ,     critical ~   design ~ ,  ,  ;   discharge ~   (     ) equivalent ~ of population number    (   ) . experimental ~  extreme ~   fixed ~   flow ~     form pressure design ~s    ( )   gross calorific ~    heating ~   initial ~   instantaneous ~   insulating ~  ;    ~  ;  limiting ~   MAC ~ -   ,  N ~     ( ,       30,5 ) net calorific ~    nominal ~   numerical ~    ~   prescribed ~s     relative ~  ,   safe bearing ~    (.  ) shear(ing) force ~    [, ] threshold ~   threshold limit ~    true ~   U ~ 1.  ;   2.     zero ~   
valve ; , ,  adjusting ~   air ~  , - air-gas ~  , -- air-purge [air-release, air-relief] ~  , , - altitude ~   (.   ) angle ~  ;   annular ~   antiflood ~        antisiphon ~   automatic air ~    [, -] automatic control ~    back-pressure ~  ,    ;      backup ~     (    ) backwater ~       balancing ~  ;   (    ) ball ~ 1.   [] 2.   3.    4.   [] (  ) 5.   ball check ~    ball plug ~   bleeder ~   bleed-off ~  []  block ~  ;   blow-off ~  ;  ;  ;   blow-out ~   blow-through ~   butterfly ~ 1.  ,   ,   2.  []   bypass ~  ,    changeover ~  ,    charging ~  []  check ~   clack [clapper] ~     ; -,    closet ~   compression ~  condensing pressure ~    constant pressure ~  []   control ~  ; 1   couple ~   cross ~           cutoff ~ 1.  , - 2.   cutout ~  , -- delivery ~  ,     diaphragm ~   direct flow ~   discharge ~ 1.    2.   () 3.  []  disk ~ 1.   2.   diverter ~  []  dividing ~ 1.   2.  []  double disk gate ~   double regulating ~      double-seat ~  ;   drain ~  [] ;    drainage ~  []  dry-pipe ~       dual-block gate ~   dump ~    emergency water ~  ,    equalizing ~  []  exhaust ~  ;   expansion ~  []  fire ~   flap ~ 1.     ; -,    2. --   flat gate ~   flat slide ~   flexible wedge gate ~      float ~   floating ball ~      flow-blocking ~   [] flow control ~    flush (ing) ~   flushmeter ~   ( ,  ) follower-ring ~   foot ~  []  (      ) four-way mixing ~    frost ~  -  full-opening plug ~   full-way ~     fusible link ~       gate ~ , ,  globe ~  ;  ;   ground-key ~   guard ~   hand-operated ~    ;   high pressure ~ 1.    2.    indicator ~      inlet ~  []  in-line maintenance ~ ,    isolating ~ 1.  , -- () 2.  []  lift check ~    lock ~   lock-shield ~     magnetic ~  ,   main ~   () master ~   [] mixing ~  ,  modulating ~   []  motorized [motor operated] ~  []  ,   muffle ~    mushroom ~   NC ~ . normally closed valve needle ~  ;   NO ~ . normally open valve nonlubricated plug ~    nonreturn ~   nonrising stem ~     normally closed ~    normally open ~    on-off ~  ()  orifice ~   (       ) OS & Y ~ . outside screw and yoke valve outlet ~   outside screw and yoke ~  []    overflow ~   overpressure release ~   packless ~   parallel seat gate ~   parallel slide ~   pilot ~  ;   pinch ~    plate ~  [] ;   plug ~  []  pneumatic operated ~   [] pop ~   pressure control ~   []  pressure controlled ~   ,   pressure limiting ~   pressure-reducing ~  ,   pressure-regulating ~   pressure-relief ~  ,   ,   purge ~   [];  ;   quick action ~   quick-closing ~  ;   radiator ~    reducing ~   reflux ~   regulating ~  ;   release ~   relief ~  []  restrictor ~   ;   reverse-acting diaphragm ~  ,       reversing ~   ring ~   rising stem ~     safety ~  [] ; 1   scour ~   () screw ~  screw-down stop ~      service ~  ,  ,   shunt ~   [] shutoff ~  ;  ,   shutoff rotary ~   single lever mixing ~   () single-seat control ~    slanting stem ~     slide ~  , ;  sludge ~   () sluice ~ 1.   2.   3.   4. ,  snap action ~    solenoid ~  []  [] solid wedge gate ~      split wedge gate ~     []  spring-loaded ~    stop ~  ;  ; ; 1   straight-through [straight-way] ~   suction ~   suction line ~    swing ~   swing check ~    - , - terminal ~   thermal expansion ~ - ,  thermostatic ~   thermostatically controlled ~   thermostatic expansion ~ - ,  three-way ~   throttling ~   through-conduit ~.  ,      two-port [two-seat] ~   two-way ~  []  variable orifice self-acting ~  ()   vent ~  ,  ,  volumetric control ~    water regulating ~    wedge (gate) ~   weight-loaded ~    welding-end gate ~  []  Y-seat ~  []  - 
van -,  breakdown ~   furniture ~ -   
vanadium 
vane 1. , ; ,  2. - auger ~ - converging ~s    diamond ~     () diverging ~s    downstream guide ~s    () guide ~ 1.   2. pi       3. pi    ( ) inlet guide ~s       laboratory ~  - rotary ~    straight ~s   ( ) turning ~  ,  upstream guide ~s    () variable inlet ~s      
vapor  saturated ~   supersaturated ~   water ~   wet ~  
vaporization ,  flash ~   ,  ,  ,   
vapor-proof, vapor-tight -
variable  () design ~s   output ~   specimen ~s ,     ( )
variation ; ;  <> ~s from plumb    (    ), ~ in the magnitude   (); ~ in the sense   (. ), ~s in the shape  ; ~ with time    ~ of the bending moment along the length of the beam       ~ of the project    ( ) color ~s  ;    diurnal ~  ;    magnetic ~   probable ~s in dead load during construction     ( )    stress ~   temperature ~s  [] 
variator  flow ~     ( )
variety ; , ,  ~ of building techniques    commercial ~   wide ~ of shapes   
varnish  asphalt ~   baking ~    black ~   clear ~  []  floor (ing) ~    gloss ~     mat ~     natural ~  []  oil ~   silicon ~   soundproofing ~  
varying (of) the radius   ( )
vault 1.  2. ;  annular ~  ,         ashlar ~     barrel ~  []  basement ~  ,    basket-handle ~   brick ~   conical ~   expanding ~   fan ~   floor ~   groin (ed) ~   net ~   quadripartite ~  ( )     rear ~          (      ) ribbed ~   rubble ~    ,  
vaulting 1. ,   ( ) 2.   fan ~  
vector  axial ~   collinear ~s   force ~   unit ~  ,  velocity ~  
vegetation  
vehicle 1. ()   2. ,  air-cushion ~      commercial ~   haulage ~   nonvolatile ~  [-]  pushing ~  tracked ~   
vein 1.  2.  ( ) ice ~  
velocity  ~ of the waves    air ~   angular ~   approach ~          axial ~   capture ~   (   ),         center-line ~   circumferential ~   critical wind ~    (    ) current ~   depth-mean ~  ( ),    design ~   effective ~ of ground water     efflux ~   erosive ~   exit ~   ,   face ~  [] ,    ;    filter ~   final ~   flow ~   free area ~     frontal ~ . face velocity higher critical ~    () initial ~   Kennedy's critical ~  ;   (   ) limiting ~  ;    local air ~    mass ~   natural ~ of flow   nonscouring ~   nonsilting ~   nozzle ~  ,    (. -) outlet ~  scouring ~   seepage ~   self-cleaning ~   ( ) self-cleansing ~   ( ) settling ~   [] terminal ~ 1.      2.  ,   wind ~  
velometer     
vena contracta  ,   
veneer 1. ;  2.   3.       (   ) adhesion-type ceramic ~      ( ) anchored-type ceramic ~      (   ) brick ~     ( ) ceramic ~  (-)   face ~ 1.   () 2.     masonry ~     ( ,    .) ultrasonic graded ~ ,     []
vent 1.   2.  ;   3.  ,   4.   air ~ 1. ,   2.  ,  ,  3. ;    bypass ~    (         ) common ~  ,     continuous ~     drop ~             dual ~   ,     fixture ~  ,          ()   gravity ~  ,   group ~   ,     local ~         loop ~ 1.  ,     2.     main ~     open ~     relief ~  ,     soil ~      stack ~     union ~   ,     waste ~     wet ~    ,      
ventilation  attic ~    combustion ~     controlled ~   cross ~ 1.   2.    decentralized ~   diffused ~      (.   ) dilution ~    displacement ~    downward ~      emergency ~   exhaust ~   exhaust shaft ~     extract ~    fire ~   forced ~  []  free -  ,  full transverse ~   general ~   general exhaust ~    .industrial exhaust ~    jet ~  ,   ;       local exhaust ~    longitudinal ~   mechanical ~  ,     natural ~  ,  plant and process ~   semitransverse ~   spot ~   supply ~   supply and exhaust ~ --  throw-type ~        uncontrolled ~   upward ~      615 zonal ~   
ventilator 1.   (. ,  , ),  2.  air ~  , -  attic ~ 1.       2.   bottom-hinged ~    ceiling ~   extract ~   (  ) fire ~    gambrel ~        gravity roof ~  heat recovery ~ -- hooded roof ~     louvered ~      natural draft roof ~  powered heat recovery ~      ,      powered roof ~ ()   roof ~ 1.   2,  vertical discharge roof ~    wall ~ ,   
venting  , 
ventlight ; 
venture ;  joint ~ ()    ;  
veranda(h) 
verdigris - ( ,    )
verge 1.     ( ) 2. ,  () 3.  4.   ( ),  <> ~ with barge boards  (  )   
verification ; ;  
vermiculite  exfoliated ~   expanded ~   
versatility ;    <> ~ in structure shapes    
version ; ; ;  base [basic] ~   () diesel ~  ()    petrol ~  ()   
vertex   (.   )
vertical 1.  ,  ( ) 2. ,   3. 
vessel ; ,  <> ~ for a wide range of duties ()    air ~    cylindrical ~   [],   displacement ~  expansion ~    [] flexible membrane ~       gas storage ~ ;       membrane expansion ~    oil storage ~  pressure ~   ,   sealed expansion ~       water displacement ~ 
vest safety ~  
vestibule , 
viaduct 1.  2.  reverse curved ~ ,      
vial ; ; ;  level ~  
viatecture    
vibracore         
vibrating ,   concrete ~  [ ]  
vibration 1. ;   2. ,   blasting ~    concrete ~  [ ]   forced ~(s)    free ~(s)  []  internal ~  ,   ( ) low-frequency ~   [] ( ) mechanical ~  ,  natural ~(s)  []  shock ~s ,  ;   torsional ~(s)   traffic ~s ,    transverse ~   wind-induced ~(s)   [],  
vibrator ,   beam ~ ,  bin ~   [] (  ) concrete ~      external ~   immersion ~  [, ]  internal ~  [,  ]  jolting ~  ,    motor-in-head ~ ,   plate ~  pocker ~ ,   shock ~  ,    shutter ~   spud ~  [, ]  surface ~   table ~ ,  
vibro-driver , 
vibro-float  ,  
vibrograph 
vibrorolling 
vibrotrunk 
vice . vise
view ; ; ;  ; ;  all-around ~   assembly ~   back ~   bottom ~   close (-up) ~     cross-sectional ~   cut-away ~   ;    elevation ~   ;   exploded ~     frontal ~   general ~   perspective ~   plan ~   ;   rear ~   sectional ~ ;  side ~   top ~  
village   ; ; , .  Olympic ~   radio ~  school ~   urban-type ~   
violation  safety ~    
violet: dioxazine ~   ()
viscosity  absolute ~  []  bulk ~   Engler ~       kinematic ~   reciprocal ~  Saybolt ~   [ ]   
vise ;  carpenter's wooden ~   ( ) chain-pipe ~     parallel swivel bench ~       pipe ~    screw ~   woodworker's ~  ,    
vision ; ; ;  all-round ~   
visor  sun ~   
vista 1. ,  2. ,  bounding ~   (  ) 
visualization: flow ~   
vivarium  
void ,  air ~   (    . .) ceiling ~       surface ~s  ;   water ~s  [],   zero air ~s      (  ) 
volume  ~s of cut and fill     ~ of earth to be moved ()    ~ of excavation   ;   ~ of work   absolute ~  ;    air passenger ~    air supply ~  ,    architectural ~   [ ]  batch ~   controlled ~ of water   []  (  ) cordon ~  ,    ()  (   ) crosswalk pedestrian ~    design hour ~     () dry-rodded  w      exhaust air ~  ,    fan inlet ~   (   ) humid ~     paste ~   ( )   (    ) specific ~   voids ~   []
volumeter  (       ) Eley ~ .  -
volute 1.  2.   
vortex  wake ~   (  )
vote: predicted mean ~     (    )
voussoir   (    )
vug ,  