sabin  ( )
sack 1.  2.   (  50 ) 3.   ( ) ~ of cement   (  50 ) paper ~  
saddle 1.     , ) 2.    3.    4.  5.    (    ) 6. --  7.   ( ) beam ~       (  ) cable ~      ( ) collar ~  []   pipe ~     
saddleback 1.    (  ) 2.   3.     ( )
safeguard 1. ;   2. ,  
safet/y ,  <> ~ against buckling    ;  ; ~ against cracking   ; ~ against failure    [ ]; ~ against overturning   ;    ; ~ against rupture    []; ~ and health in the work place         construction ~     construction site ~     elevator car ~ies    environmental ~   explosive ~      fire ~   formwork ~    instantaneous elevator ~ies    ( ) job site ~     labor ~   occupational ~ and health     ;   occupational ~ and health in building [in construction industry]        operational ~    pedestrian ~   quarry ~    ;     radiation ~   site ~     structural ~  []  
sag 1.  (),  ();   2. ,  3.      () 4. ;  ( ) cable ~  () ,   optical ~  []  (    )  ~  () 
sagging 1. ,  (,     ..) 2.  ()
salamander   -
sale ;  chick ~      
salinity of ice  
salts  deicing ~  
salvage 1. ;  2. ;   3.  
sample 1. ,  2.  3. ;  4.  <> to take ~s  ,    [] ~ of fresh concrete    air or oven-dried ~    -       auger ~    block ~  (   ) borehole ~  bottom ~    chunk ~  ()   core ~ ,    ,  dumbbell ~ - (     ) hand carved ~  ()   hydrologic ~   redeposited ~  ()   remolded ~  ( )   representative ~ 1.   [] 2.  ,    undisturbed ~  ()  
sampler  air ~   Bishop ~  []  (   )  delft continuous ~     Denison ~   Denver ~   dredge ~   drop ~   foil ~  (     ) free-fall ~   (     ) gas-operated piston ~    (    ) Gouda soil ~    (    ) grab ~    Osterberg ~   - personal air ~    () piston ~   pitcher ~   pocket piston ~    sand ~  sea-bed ~   sediment ~      self-contained ~   shelby tube ~    slot ~   slurry ~   snow ~ ,   spiral-slot ~ -  ( ) standard split-spoon ~    (  3,5 ,    ) swedish foil ~    (      ) thin-wall ~    vibratory ~   water ~ 
sampling 1.   [],  2.  ,    <> ~ at random     ; ~ freshly mixed concrete       air ~    bias ~  []   bulk ~  [ ]     concrete ~    ;    ( ) continuous ~    discrete ~      grab ~    (  ) instantaneous ~    isoaxial [isokinetic] dust ~ -    marine ~ -  ( ) nonisoaxial dust ~     water ~   
sanatorium 
sand ;   aeolian ~  []  beach ~  ;   blast ~     [] blown ~  []  cement testing ~      clay ~ ;   coarse ~   concrete ~      dead ~    ,     dune ~   fine ~   flowing ~  glass ~     grouting ~       (       0,8 ) industrial ~   (   ,   .) keramzite ~   Leightern Buzzard ~     (   ) loamy ~  loose damp ~   ,   manufactured ~  ;   medium coarse ~    middle-sized ~    natural ~   natural building ~  ,     regular concrete ~ ,    running ~  sharp ~      standard ~   (        ) stone ~      
sandblaster  ,    
sandblasting   []
sander 1.   2.   3.   4.  bench ~   ( ) electric belt ~     ( ) floor ~       [], -  orbital ~    
sandstone  calcareous ~   indurated ~  
sandwich   (   ) 
sanitation:
street ~   
sash   bottom-hinged ~  ;   metal ~  ;    pivoted ~  ;   sliding ~ 1.   2.  []   vent ~  window ~  ,  
satellite -
satisfying heat loads  -    
saturated surface-dry      () 
saturation  adiabatic ~   partial ~    ( - ) uum ~  ,  
sauna 
savage: big ~ . ,  
saver: face ~ -   
saving  consistent ~   cost ~s in labor  ( )    cost ~s in materials  ( )  
saw  air-powered cutoff ~   ()  air-powered dry cutting concrete ~  ()      back ~ ;  band ~   belt ~   board ~    -  (    ) buzz ~   cable ~   chain ~   ( ) circular ~   compass ~   ( ) concrete ~     coping ~  , crosscut ~   disk ~   flooring ~       frame ~ 1.  ;    2.    friction ~   gang ~  ;    grub ~      (, ),  - half-rip ~       hole ~   (  ) keyhole ~   log band ~       pavement ~         ;       pendulum ~   strap ~   tenon ~ 
sawbuck, sawhorse    
scab  []  
scabbing: form ~   []    (        )
scabble ,   ()
scabbier 1.   2.   3. 
scabbling 1. ,   () 2.  
scaffold(s) 1.  ,  2.   ( ) bricklayers square ~     carpenters bracket ~  []  ,   concreting ~    double pole ~       float ~   heavy-duty ~  []    (30-50 ) horse ~   ,   independent pole ~    ,   (   ) interior hung ~    (    ) ladder ~     ladder jack ~   light-duty ~   [] (   20 ) manually propelled mobile ~  [] ,   mason's ~  []    medium-duty ~  []    (    36 ) mobile ~   needle beam ~   ( ,     ) outrigger ~   pole ~  []  ship ~   single-point adjustable suspension ~  ,    single pole ~       square ~    substandard ~  [],      suspended ~   swinging ~   trestle ~    tube and coupler ~         tubular welded frame ~      two-point suspension ~      (   ) wall jack ~    ,   window jack ~   ,      
scaffolding  ,  hydraulic ~      
scale 1. ; ;   2. ;  3.  4.  <> not to ~   ; to ~ off  automatic ~   automatic dumping batcher ~      batcher ~   Beaufort ~   (  ) color ~   digital crane ~s    ( ) engineers ~    length ~  ;   linear ~   Mercalli (modified) intensity ~    mill ~   Mohs ~ (of hardness)  () ,    numeric ~   photographic ~   Richter ~   (   ) Ringelmann blackness ~       surveyors ~   Wentworth ~     []  
scaling 1. ,  () 2.    ( ) light ~  []  (    1,5 - 4,5 ) surface ~  ()  
scalper     
scalpings 1.   ,     2.    (   ) 
scanner  borehole ~    scape 1.  [, ]  2. 
scar 1. ; ;  2. ;  frost ~s - ( ) 
scarf 1.  ;    2.           end ~  ;      lapped ~  ()  ;   plain ~   ,    plane sloping ~        skew ~    splay(ed) ~    
scarifier , -
scarifying ,  
schedule 1. ; ,  2. ; ;  ,  3. ,   ~ of price  ~ of wages   accelerated job ~    ,    bar ~    team ~    (        ) bending ~   construction ~  ()   cutting ~     door ~   (   ) equipment ~      erection ~    [ ] job ~  -    manufacturing ~  []  operation ~  ,  ,   overlapping construction ~      payment ~   ( ) pipe ~ 1. .   2. .    progress ~   ,   rate ~   test ~    time ~ ;   total construction ~     () window ~   [ ] (   ) work ~ -  
scheduling   []  ~ of construction     careful ~   ,      critical path ~      (   )
schematic 1. ; ;  2. 
scheme 1. ; ;  2. ; ;  3. ,  4. ()  5.   [],  color ~ ;   development ~s   ;   dewatering ~   [] erection ~     framing ~  ,   ( ) housing ~ 1.   () 2.   ( ) hydroelectric ~ 1.    2.   network ~   redevelopment ~    stressing ~        structural ~   (),   tube structural ~        (     ,   ) water ~      water regulation ~   water-supply ~  
schist 
school  boarding ~ -,  professional ~    residential ~ - vocational ~   
science ,  applied ~s   cement ~    engineering ~s   environmental ~    ,  fire ~s   frost ~ ,  hard ~s   materials ~  pure ~s  []  
scissors  paperhanger's ~   
scleroscope  (      ) 
sconcheon        
scone    (      ) 
scoop 1.  2.   3.   [] aggregate ~    ( )  
scope: general ~ of the contract   []  
scoria   
scotia  ( ) 
scour 1. , ,   2.  bed [channel] ~  ,   
scouring  
scow ; ;  bottom-discharge ~    
scraper 1.  2.  3. -,    <> ~ powered by a crawler tractor  ,   (-) ; (working) in tandem   backward-dumping (wheel) ~       boom ~  --  crawer-drawn ~   dragline ~  -  elevating ~ -;       hooked ~   hydraulic operated ~  []  mud ~ .  pull-type ~   rubber-tired ~     scum ~     self-propelled ~   single-engine ~     surface ~         : three-aide ~  []  towed ~   tractor ~   tractor-drawn ~   twin-engine ~    ,   two-axle ~   two-engine ~    ,   universal ~  - (        ) 
scraping 1.    2. ,  
scratch 
scratcher ;   lath ~      wire ~  ;  [] 
scratching 1.   2.   (      -) 3.    
scree  ;  
screed 1. ;  ,   2.   3.    ||   4. - ()  ||   asphalt ~  []  base ~    cement ~  ,     finishing ~   () laser ~   power ~  ,    (     ) precast leave-in-place ~   []  (    ) self-propelled ~    vibrating ~  
screeding  ()    manual ~  ()   roller ~  () 
screen 1. ;   2.   3.  4.   () 5. ,  (  ) ~ of permafrost   () antidazzle ~   band ~  ;   bar ~  (  ) ceiling ~    (  ) coarse ~       cutting ~ -, - double-deck ~  ;   drum ~  ;   filter ~   fish ~ , -  glare ~   jet blast deflector ~   ( ) plant ~s    protective ~   revolving ~   roof ~   ;   ;    (  ) rotary ~  ;   round-hole ~     sand ~ 1.    ;   2.   (    ) shaking ~   sheet pile ~  ;   snow ~   () stepped vibrating ~s       thermal radiation ~  ;   (  ) vibrating [vibratory] ~ ;   well ~      
screener: ballast ~   (  )
screening 1.  2. , ,  3.    4.   (.        ), ;  protective ~    (     ) wet ~   (        )
screw 1.  2. ;  3.   4.   adjusting ~ 1.  []  2.   (  ) Alien head ~       anchoring ~   clamp ~  []  dosing ~  , - drive ~    []; ,   (   ) feeding ~  , - fine adjustment ~    mixing ~   pan head ~     ,     [] Phillips ~     recessed-head ~     self-drilling ~   self-tapping ~   sheet-metal ~       ( ) slotted ~    tangent ~ -  () wood ~    zinc-coated steel ~   
screwdriver  cross-point ~     electric ~  offset ~   []  phillips ~    
scriber ,  ()
scrim ()  ( , ),   
scroll ,   (-),   ( )
scrubber  centrifugal ~   foam ~ -  jet ~   packed ~   rotary ~   sprayed ~     Venturi ~  
scrutiny: structural ~  []    [] 
scullary    ,  
scum    ,   (      ) floating ~ . scum
seacrete     
seal 1.  ;  (),  || ,  2.  3.      4.  []  air ~  []  asphalt fog ~   ( )      bellows ~  , -f   day puddle ~    gasket ~     hydraulic ~ 1.   2.   lip ~ 1.   ,     2.   slurry ~     ( , ,      ) trap ~       tremie ~ 1.       (  ) 2.      [ ] water ~ 1.  []  2. ; - 
sealant ,   acrylic terpolymer ~      asphalt-based ~      building ~       chemical setting ~   []  elastomeric joint ~  []     foamed ~  joint ~ 1.     2.    one-part ~   preformed ~   ()  silicone joint ~   thermoplastic ~   [ ] thiokol ~   two-part ~   waterproofing ~  
sealed , ; ,  
sealer ,  - icrylic ~    [] litumastic ~  -  uncrete ~  []  - []  ~netrating concrete ~      ( ) weiatherproofing ~     
sealing 1. ,  2.  clay ~  (.  ) joint ~  [] 
seam 1.  2. ,   back ~   ( ) button punch lock standing ~      corner ~   double-lock ~    double-lock standing ~    double longitudinal ~    double standing ~    face ~   (  ) flat ~   grooved ~   inside groove ~   ,     lock ~ ()   longitudinal   ,   silt ~    snap lock ~     standing ~   weld ~   welted ~  ,  
seamer   
seaming ;     
season ;  ;  concrete construction ~       heating ~   year-round construction ~   
seasoning 1. ,   () 2.  () ~ of sludge   artificial ~   ()
seat 1. ; ;  2. ;  ;   3. ;  () angle ~  ;  beam ~       ( ) boom ~     bridge ~ 1.  ;  ( ) 2.   deep ~   (   ) extending ~  []  valve ~  
seating 1. ;   2. ; ;  3.    auditorium ~        continental ~          
seavane - (   )
section 1. ,  ( ) 2. ;  3.     4.    5.  (, ,   . .) 6.  () <> on [to] the left/right of the ~ /  ; ~ under consideration  ()  ~ of fracture     () actual ~    aerofoil ~   aluminum alloy structural ~      angle ~  ,  annular ~   asymmetrical ~  ()  axial ~  ,   ;   >; ballast!~  ;     bar (cross) ~    beam ~   boiler ~   bottom boom ~  ()   (, ) bottom tower ~  ()   (. ) box ~   breaking cross ~   ()    built-up (cross) ~   canalization ~  []   center ~  ,   channel ~   circular ~   column ~ 1    2.  ()  combination access ~    concrete ~   ()   (  ) concreting ~  [, ]  cross ~  ;   () design ~   (,   .) discharge ~    dock ~ - doubly symmetrical ~      drop-down ~   duct ~  []  effective ~   empty ~s     (     ) end ~   ( , ,   ..);  []  extruded ~   / flow cross -    f gate hinge ~    () (      ) i gauging ~   1 generalized cross ~    i geologic ~   gross ~  ,    horseshoe ~   () hot-rolled steel ~    hydraulic ~ 1.   () 2.   hydrometric ~   I- 1.   2.  ()  intermediate ~s     (     ) intermediate jib ~    () jib foot ~  []   (, ) jib head ~   (, ) Larsen ~  ,     level ~    []    light formed ~   ()  longitudinal ~  ;   () mast typical ~    measuring ~   metal ~   midriver ~   ( ) mixing ~   () net ~  ,    nonoverflow ~   () normal ~  []  oblique ~  [] ;   le ~    ( )  ~ 1.  (),  )) 2.    ie cross ~   - fabricated ~   (. ) prestressed tee ~         principal design ~s    () reinforcement cross ~ ()   rolled ~   runway drop ~      ;    (        ) sealed box ~s      () shear(ing) ~   [, ] sliding tower ~     (            ) sloping ~   soil cross ~   standard structural steel ~  []   stay-in-place center form ~s     steel ~   steel window ~s     structural steel ~s   () subaqueous ~   (. ) three-level ~           top boom ~   (, ) transformed ~   ( ) segregation typical cross ~    (. ) weaving ~   ( ) wide flange ~    zed ~  
sectional    ; 
sector ;   
secured with...  ...,  ...
security , ;  bid ~  [ ]  (       ) construction site ~   ;        fire ~   good ~  ;  
sediment ; 1 ,  bed ~s  
sedimentation 1.  ,  2. , ;  3. ,     primary ~   []
seeding: highway ~    sludge ~  
seepage 1. ,  2.  ,  effluent ~  ;     (  ) influent ~  ;  
segment 1.  () 2. ; ;  ||    channel ~        column ~   precast arch ~    
segregation ,  (.  ) aggregate ~  []  (  ) concrete ~  []   dry ~     (    ) ice ~  pedestrian/traffic ~      traffic ~         ( ) water ~  wet ~    
seismogram 
seismometer , 
selection 1.  2.  ~ of structural system    () site ~   
self-arising  (    ) 
self-closing 
self-compensation  ()
self-ignition 
self-locking , ,   
self-propelled 
self-purification  (, )
selvadge, selvedge 1.  (.    )\  2.   ( )
semiplane 
semitrailer  bottom-discharge [bottom-dump] ~    
sensing: remote ~  
sensitive 1. ;   2. ,  <> ~ to changes in sand content     []  (.   ), ~ to light   
sensitiveness of the level tube per one division   
sensitivity 1. ;  2.   (        ) notch ~  ,    strain-rate ~    (   )
sensor 1.   2.  ,  occupancy ~     
separation 1. , ; ;  2. ;  distance ~     exterior ~    (        ,  ) fire ~   (  ) geological ~    grade ~  ()    hydrograph ~   (    )
separator 1.  2. , ;  diffusion ~  []  dust ~ , - electrostatic mist ~   inertial ~  []  liquid ~   oil ~  oil mist ~ - petrol ~  sludge ~ 
sepia 1.  () 2.  (    ) 3. ,  
sequence ;  ~ of building operations  ()   [] ~ of pours   (    ) ~ of prestressing    ,   ~ of shipping   [] ~ of trades    (     ) ~ of work   concreting ~  ,  []    construction ~     [] erection ~   placing ~   ( ,   . .) time ~  ,    
series ,  flood ~   (   ) hydrologic ~   infinite ~   
serrated ,  
service 1. ;  ;  ; ;  2.   (, ) 3.   ;   4. pi ()      () <> in ~   ,    additional ~s   (  ) after-sales ~   ; ,    architects basic ~s    (  ) building ~s       cold water ~ -  comprehensive ~s   [, ]  (  ) construction advisory ~   []   down ~   electric ~s in buildings     electric ~s on sites 1.      ( ) 2.   engineering ~s 1.    2. -  expected ~    free bus shuttle ~     personal social ~s    specialized ~s   ,   ()  (,   . .) surveillance and alarm ~     (.    ,   ) temporary ~s    ( ) testing ~s  ( )    underground ~s   watchman ~s     water ~ 1.  2. ,  
serviceability   ;  ; ;     ~ of structures   ,    ;   
serviceable   , ; 
servocontrol    
set 1.  () 2.   ( ) 3.       4. ; ;  5. ; ; ;  6.   7. ; ;  8.  () 9.  (   ) <> to ~ into place    ; to ~ up ; ; to ~ up for the job     ~ of coordinate axes    ~ of curves   ~ of erecting tools  []   ~ of hand and arm signals    (   . .) ~ of perpendicular axes     ~ of perpendicular coordinate axes     false ~   final ~ 1.   () 2.    flash ~  ;   () motor-generation ~ -   nail ~  permanent ~   predetermined ~    quick ~  []  (   ) rivet ~  ( ) traffic-bearing ~   (  . ,     ),        warehouse ~        
setback  (  ),  ;   night ~ 1.      2.          
setscrew  [] 
sett ,   ( ) basalt ~   slag ~   
setter 1.  ;  2.  ( ) circuit ~     
setting 1. ;  2.  3. ;  4.  5.  (   ) <> ~ in motion   ; ~ out     ; ~ up  ,(, ),   ~ of outriggers   
settlement 1. ,  2.  (. ) 3. ,     4.  5. ,  .  7. ,  8. ,  (  ..) <> ~ ranged from 3 to 6 cm     3    calculated ~    compression ~   consolidation ~   contact ~   differential ~  ;   distortion ~   final consolidation ~    focal ~   (  ) foundation ~   gradual ~  []  immediate ~  []   (  ) inherent ~      initial ~   interference ~        land ~      lineal ~   (  ) recorded ~  []  slab ~   (.  ) support ~   ultimate ~  
settling ,  free ~  ,  preliminary ~   [] sludge ~  
setup 1. ; ; ;  2. ;  3. ; ;  4.  ;   5.   6.    negative ~   soil ~     (    ) wind ~  
sewage   ;    clarified ~    crude ~    dilute ~    ,    domestic ~ -   house (hold) ~ -   industrial ~    municipal ~    purified ~    raw ~   ;    residential ~ -   sanitary ~  [-]   settled ~    storm ~    strong ~    treated ~    weak ~       
sewer 1.   ;     2.   (     ) branch ~     building ~ 1.   (         ) 2.     building combined ~     building sanitary ~     building storm ~     combination [combined] ~ 1.       2. pi   combined building ~     connecting ~    egg-shaped ~     flight ~     foul ~    house ~   (        ) intercepting ~    lateral ~     (     ) main ~  []   municipal ~s    outfall ~ 1.  []   2.   public ~   ;   relief ~    sanitary ~ 1.    2.   separate ~   storm ~ 1.   ,  , -  [] 2.  ,  storm-overflow ~ , - storm water ~    submain ~    ; -  subsidiary ~    trunk ~  []   
sewerage  house ~   outdoor ~   
shackle 1. ;  2.  
shade 1.  ||  2.  ||  3. ;  accordion ~s 1.  2.  
shading      ~ of wallpaper    (  ,    m.n.) 
shadow  wind ~   
shaft 1.  (, --,   .), ,  2. . ; ,  3. ,  (. ) 4. ,  (. ) access ~  ,   () air ~ 1.  ,   2.  ,   air-intake ~  [-]  blade mixer ~    [] cam ~   central ~   (      ) chimney ~  ()   ( ) crank ~   discharge~   drive ~    driven ~   driving ~   drop ~   drum ~   (  m.n.) dry valve ~       elevator ~   exhaust ~   flexible ~   inspection ~  ;   intake ~  ,   lift ~   permanent ~   (  ) raised ~   smoke ~  ;  []    surge ~   test ~   utility ~     (  ) valve ~ 1.    2.   vent ~   ventilation ~  ;   water meter ~   work(ing) ~ 1.  []  (  ) 2.  ,   () worm ~  ,   
shake: dry ~ 1.    (   ) 2.     heart ~   (   ) ring ~  ,   ( )
shaker 
shale  bituminous ~   bloating ~    clay ~   colliery ~    (   ) expanded ~   
shank 1.  () 2.  (, ) 3.  () 4.  nail ~  
shape 1. , ; ;  2.   <> in good ~    (  ) ~s of arch    aluminum ~   commonly used ~s   ()  compact ~    ( ) intricate ~  ()  irregular ~   metal ~   article-   structural ~  ()  -~   wave ~  
shaped ;  ball ~   crescent ~   cross ~  ,  diamond ~  
shaping  (  ),  ;  ground ~  [] 
shear 1. ; ,  2.   3. pi  <> ~ parallel to the grain  []  ; ~ perpendicular to the grain  []   alligator ~s   bar ~s ()     base ~ 1.       2.      beam-action ~   ,    (    ) Bromhead ring ~     direct ~   double ~   edge ~    [ ] guillotine ~s   hand ~s   (.   ) horizontal ~  []  [] lateral ~  []  lever ~s   perimeter ~    () punching ~     (.    );    - pure ~   [] reinforcement cutting ~     relative ~   rotary ~s  []  simple ~   single ~  []    slater's ~s    -  strip-cutting ~s    vertical ~ 1.   []  ( ) 2.   zero ~    
shearhead  [] ,   
shearing , ,  || ,  
shear-legs  
shear-resistant, shear-resisting  []   [, ],  
shearwall -  
sheath ()  aluminum cable ~    cable ~ 1.      2.     lead ~   (. ) nonconductive ~   - [] 
sheathing 1.    2.   ;      (  ) <> ~ over framing    asbestos cement ~   ,   camp ~       (  ),  closed ~      open ~      plywood ~   roof ~    sheave ; ,  cat-head ~   (    ) traction ~   ()
shed ,  avalanche ~   cow ~  locomotive ~   snow ~  
shedding: load ~   ,  
sheet ,   acrylic ~  [ ]    [] aluminum ~   asbestos building ~   asbestos-cement ~   asbestos-cement roofing ~s -   base ~      black ~   cap ~      corrugated ~  []  cranked ~  []    (      ) detail ~  ()  expanded cork ~     ( ) fast ~  []  flexible ~    protective canvas ~    (   ) PVC lined steel ~  ,   rigid ~   ;     rubber ~  ;   specification work ~s       (      ) steel ~ 1.    2.    take-off ~s  [  ]         (    )
sheeting 1.    2.   ;     3.     4.  ,   5.   (   )\     asbestos ~  () - ;   (  ) asbestos-cement ~    camp ~     closed ~     ;    enclosing ~   horizontal ~ 1.    (, ) 2.    ( ) insulating ~   open ~      tight ~      V-beam ~   V-- 
sheetpile ,   straight web ~   
sheetpiling   double ~    single ~   
shell 1. ;  2. ,  3. ; ;  4. ;  5.  <> ~ curved in two directions    ~ of double curvature    ~ of negative (Gaussian) curvature   ()  ~ of positive (Gaussian) curvature   ()  ~ of revolution   ~ of single curvature    ~ of zero curvature    angular ~   arch(ed) ~  []  band ~     barrel-vault ~  ;   basket ~   cast-in-place concrete ~    circular cylindrical ~    circular vault ~    ,   closed ~   cone ~   conoidal ~   curved ~   cylinder ~  () cylindrical ~   dome ~   elliptical-paraboloid ~      face ~   []     [] free-form ~ ,    (     ) hypar ~     [ ] hyperbolic ~  ,     hyperbolic-paraboloid ~     [ ] imperfect ~        membrane ~   moment-free [momentless] ~   north-light ~   outer ~   [ ];   () parabolic ~   perfect ~ ,    ;        pipe ~  rotational ~   segmental ~    ()  semicircular ~    shallow ~   spherical ~  []  spherical ~ with imperfections        ;     structural ~   () tank ~  ;   toroidal ~  []  translation (al) ~   umbrella (-type) ~   
shellac 
shelter 1. ; ;  2. pi  [] ;  ;    air raid ~  bomb ~  fallout ~     portable construction ~   (   ,       .) 
shelterbelt -  (     ) 
shield ; ;  || ;  closed ~         ( ) Greathead ~     (  -) half ~  (  ) hand ~    open ~      protective ~  []  (       ,    . .),   snow ~   trench ~    
shielding ;  acoustic ~  [-]  [] barrier ~    biological ~      radiation ~ ()     
shift 1.  ||  2. ;  3. ;  4.  (    );  5.   6.      7.  () eight-hour work ~    night ~   work ~  
shim ; ;  (   ), 
shimming: track ~   
shingle 1. ;  2. ; ()   ||     asbestos cement ~   ,  asphalt ~    (     ) composition ~s .   ;      pea ~   wood ~  ;  
ship ;  || ; ;  () drill ~   pipe lay (ing) ~ -
shiplap 1.  []   2.  ;    
shipper .    ()
shock ; ;   hydraulic ~   thermal ~  [] ,  
shoe 1. ;  2.  ;   3.  4.   5.        6. ,   ( , );    arch ~    base ~      break ~   caisson cutting ~      casing ~    cutting ~     (       drain ~ ,   drive ~  guide ~    pile ~  ,  () rainwater    safe(ty) ~s  ( ) solid concrete driving ~     strand ~ -     
shooting ;  (. ) cross-hole ~    fan ~    (   ) reflection ~     refraction ~     trouble ~     (,   .)
shop 1. ,   2.  , -  3. ,   bending and reinforcement assembly ~  ,    coffee ~ ,  ( ) joinery ~   metal working ~  ;   reinforcement (assembly) ~   self-service ~   steel contractor's ~        
shore 1.   ,  ;  ;  2.   3.  dead ~ ,   (    ) horizontal ~     jack ~     L ~  []    -  multitiered ~s    ()  outrigger ~  [].  ,    pole ~    [  ] post ~    [  ] , single post ~   ()  
shoring    ();   []  ;   ;    column-mounted ~     (  ) horizontal ~     ;      metal trench ~    tube-and-coupler ~    []  
short-cycling    ,   
shortening  <> ~ due to shrinkage    elastic ~   ( ),    (  ) total ~ of the member  []   () 
shortlisting    (, , ) 
shot 1.  2  3.  4.   abrasive steel ~   (  ),  
shotblaster  
shotblasting  
shotcrete - dry steel fiber ~   -- fiber [fibrous] ~ -; -,   mesh-reinforced ~ -,      polymer ~ -; -,    refractory ~  - steel-fiber(-reinforced) [steel fibrous] ~ -; ,    [ ]
shotcreting 
shoulder 1.  ();    (  );  (  ) 2.       () downstream ~     gable ~   []   hard ~   runway ~     track ~  (  )
shovel 1.   2.  ,   amphibous ~  - backacting ~    , -  backhoe ~    , -  coffered ~      crawler-type tractor ~   crowd ~    , -  dish ~    face ~ . crowd shovel front-discharging tractor ~    full ~ ()   general service (forged) ~     loading ~   mining ~  ,      open socket ~     part-swing ~    power ~  ,   pull ~    revolving ~ ()   round mouth (forged) ~      socketed (type) ~      square mouth (forged) ~     []  square mouth taper blade forged ~         strapped type ~      stripping ~  ,     tracked tractor ~    tractor ~    wheeled tractor ~ ()   
shoveling ;  () ;  (  , .) 
shoving 1.    2.    []   
shower 1.  2. 
showroom  ,  
shreadhead 
shredder 
shrine 1. ,  2. , 
shrinkage  concrete ~   drying ~    hydration ~    initial drying ~     lumber ~  []  plastic ~   setting ~     temperature ~ ~   ,   ultimate ~   water-loss ~   
shroud 1. , ;  ;  2.  3. ,  4.     anti-pollutant ~  [, ]    
shuga 
shuntgroup    ()  
shute  escape ~   ,  
shutter 1. , ;  2.  ;    3.  large form ~s  ;    roller [rolling] ~  []  [] vertically movable dome ~       window ~  
shuttering  permanent ~   wrot ~    
side 1.  2. pi   (,   . .)  ~ of building    address ~ of building     ~ of building    (   ) beam ~ 1.    2.      building ~s  []   ~ of building  ()   D ~ of building    (   ) delivery ~   [],    discharge ~   [] ,    face ~  ;  ;  []    [ ] high ~ of the curve .-.    high pressure ~   ,   [] leeward ~   low pressure ~   ,   pilaster ~    [   suction ~  ,    unscaffolded ~ of the wall  ,    (  ) weather ~   [] (,   ..) windward ~  
sidesway   (  ),    (  )
sidewalk  moving ~  
sidewall: abutment ~  ;   
siding 1.    (, ) 2,      3. ,    4. .-. ; ; ;   asbestos-cement ~  ,   ;  []    bevel ~ 1.    2.    board and batten ~    (, )  - drop ~    ( ,           ) factory ~    finish ~   () freight-train ~   (  ) holding ~s   ( ) lap ~     matched ~     (      ) novelty ~ . drop siding passing ~ . -.   rustic ~ . matched siding vertical ~    wood ~    ;   works ~   
sienna: burnt ~   () raw ~   ()
sieve ; ;  |[ ;  molecular ~   wire ~  
sieving ;  wet ~    
sight .  minus ~   ( ) plus ~   ( )
sighting  double ~          
sign () ;  caution ~  ,   danger ~  ,   exit ~   overhead ~   (  ) roadway ~ .-.   traffic ~   variable message ~     
signal  ~s of danger   (, , ) acoustical ~   audible ~   automatic ~  ;  []   crane and hoist ~s     evacuation ~   (     . .) survey ~ .  triangulation ~   
significance: social ~ of structure  []  
signing: taxiway guidance ~      (     )
signposting    (  )
silane  alkyl-alkoxy ~  (- )
silencer  cellular ~   chamber ~   splitter ~  
silica ,  
silicate  aluminum ~  calcium ~   dicalcium ~  ,  tricalcium ~  , 
silicide 
silicon 
silicone ; ; - 
sill 1. ;   2.       3.       4.    5.  () bottom ~   dentated ~   ( ),   ( ) door ~  ;     end ~   ground ~  ,   inlet ~    lock ~   miter ~   mud ~   --  () shoring ~    stilling basin ~   water intake ~   window ~   []  
silo  () cement ~    ;   fodder ~   steel plate ~     (  )
silt 1.  2.    coarse ~    (  0,02   0,06) fine ~    (-  0,002  0,006) organic ~ 1.  2.     sandy ~  
silting  canal ~   drain ~  
similarity  dynamic ~   thermodynamic ~  
simulation 
single , 
single-valued 
sink 1.  ,  () 2. ,   () 3. ;  4. , ; ,   5.   Belfast ~    heat ~ ;   pot ~   slop ~   sterilizing ~     (  )
sinkhole  
sinking: compressed-air ~ 
sinusoid 
siphon ;   automatic ~   inverted ~  self-priming ~   volute ~   []  
siphonage 
site 1.  2. ;  3.   ~ of operation   ( ,   .);   amphibious ~         bridge ~   ;   () building ~   building excavation ~    []   construction ~   continually moving ~      (. ) dam ~   depositing ~   discharge erection ~ ] excavation     [- ~   .    ,    fixed ~     gauging ~   greenfield ~    job ~    project ~   receiving ~  []  redeveloped ~  ()  road construction ~  [ ]   sloping ~        [ ,  ] tight (job) ~   
site-assembled   
siting 1.    ,    2.    ;     ~ or cranes  ;  ;   ~ of houses    ;  
sitzbath   
size ;    ~ of coarse aggregate    ~ of the pour    (       );    actual ~    ;   ( ) aggregate maximum ~     basic ~   block ~  (    ) duct ~     effective ~   ( ) equivalent grain ~   []  maximum ~ of aggregate     mesh ~   .   nominal ~  ;  nominal maximum ~ of aggregate      opening ~    (  ) particle ~   [] pipe ~  ,   () project ~    real ~ . actual size sieve (aperture) [sieve hole] ~    theoretical community ~   ,   [] uniform ~s  
sizing 1.   2.   ,  3. ;   4.  5. ,    duct ~    pipe ~  ,    screen ~  tank ~   
skeleton  soil ~   steel (bearing) [steel structural] ~   urban ~    
skeletonizing       
skewback 1.  ,  ;  []   2.     
skid 1. ; ;  2. ,   3.   4. ,  ()
skid-mounted   
skiffling    (  )
skill ;  basic engineering ~s used on site   ,    engineering ~  ;  ,  
skimmer 1. ,  (   ) 2. -, - 3.     scum ~ 
skimming 1.  () 2.   (),     3.   
skin: cement ~    external ~    
skintled   ,   (.  )
skip 1.     2.   3.   concreting ~ []     loading ~   (-) rail ~  
skirting  (    ),  ; 
skullcracker  (  )
skylight  (   ) aeration ~   flat ~   ventilating ~  
skyscraper ,  
skywalk   cantilevered ~   ,     
slab l.  ( ) 2.  () <> ~ cast over precast joists -  (   ,  ); ~ on grade     ; ~ over basement  ,   ; ~ rested on loose fill material  (),    ; ~ shotcreted over expanded metal  ,     - ; - ,  - ;~ simply supported on four sides  ,  []    ; ~ spanning in two directions ,    ; ~ with embedded heating system       approach ~   (    ) apron ~  ;  - balcony ~   basement ~  ()   beam ~   beam and girder ~  ()  brick-lined concrete ~  ,   bridge deck ~    compressed straw ~ ,   concrete ~  ,   concrete ~ on grade 1.  ,    [ ] 2.  () ,     continuous ~   deck ~   () edge supported ~ ,    equalizing ~  ()    fixed-edge ~     flat ~  () ;    floating ~   (. ) floor ~ 1.  ()  2.  ()  3.     foundation ~  ;   ground ~   heat-insulating ~   hollow core ~  ()   hollow-tile floor ~           infinite ~   in-situ concrete ~  ()   leftward skew ~      lift ~ 1.   () ,  - 2.  ,   - [ ] marked out facing ~    monolithic ~ and foundation ~      ,   mud ~  ;   ( ,     ) paving ~    plaster ~   ( ) post-tension (ed) ~   ()  (    ) restrained ~  ; ,    ribbed ~ above basement     roof ~   ;   sandwich ~  []  semi-infinite ~   short span ~    simply supported ~ ,      skew ~  []  solid ~    spillway ~   structural ~  ; ,    terrazzo (facing) ~       two-way ~     ; ,     two-way ribbed (flat) ~    unstiffened edge ~ ,     upstand(ing) beam ~        upstream-deck ~   waffle ~   (),      wood-fiber ~ - , 
slabjacking     (   )    
slack 1. ,  2. 
slag  air cooled ~    air-cooled blast furnace ~     asbestos ~   blast-furnace ~   expanded blastfurnace ~ ,  ,  foamed ~  ,  ,  granulated ~   ground ~  
slagceram 
slake  ()
slaker: lime ~  ; 
slaking 1.  () 2. - (     ) air ~   
slat 1. ,  2. ;  inclined ~   - 
slate 1.  2.   , ()  asbestos ~   , ()  Buckingham ~ - ()  clay ~   glass ~   ,   Virginia ~ - () 
slating   open ~        
sledding  ( )
sledge 1.  2.  
sledgehammer 1.  2.  
sleeper 1.  2. ,    3.  4.   ( ) prestressed concrete ~     scotch derrick ~    []  
sleeve 1.   2. , ;  (    ) 3.  4.  5.  bolt ~ 1.  [] (  )    2.      coupling ~   () Dutch mantle cone-friction ~       expandable ~   expansion ~ 1.   2.  []      floor ~     (   ) heat shrink ~   insulation ~   (  ,   ) pipe ~ 1.   2.  []      reinforcing steel splice ~     [ ] shrink ~   splicing ~  [] 
sleeving of bars     
slenderness  limit ~ of a bar   
slewing  (  ),  (  )
slicker 
slide 1.  2.  block ~   ( - ) bottleneck ~     (    ) flow ~  log ~ ,   retrogressive-thaw flow ~ --  (  ) rock ~    [ ] rotational ~    shear ~    ( )
sliding 1.  ( ) 2.  (  )  
slime ;   ( ), ;  ()
sling ;   bridle wire  ~    (   ) cable-laid  ~   -   chain ~   cross bar ~s    double ~   endless ~   four-leg ~   hook ~      multilegged [multiple] ~   two-leg ~   unhooking ~    ;     wire rope ~  
slinger 
slip 1. ,  2. , ;  3. ,   4. ()  5.    6.   ( ,     ) 7.     8.       9.    10.    11.       12. ; ;  anchorage ~  []     angle ~   (  ) bar ~     ,   bond ~  ;     covered ship-building ~   double S- - ;   -  guide ~ 1.   () 2.  --  hemmed S-~ S-     mountain ~  pocket ~     (   )
slipform 1.   2.  [] 
slipforming     horizontal ~      nonstop ~  []    
slip-hazard     ( )
sliplining       ()  
slippage  belt ~   ()
slipper  prestressed ~   
slipping off  (.    )
slipway ; ;  building ~ ;  longitudinal ~   traversing ~   
slit 1. , ; ; ;  2.  ;   
slope 1.  2.  3.  ;  4.       ~ of beam       [  ] ;     ~ of bending-moment curve at any point         ~ of elastic curve       (   ) adverse ~   avalanche ~   bar ~ 1.     2.    ( ) canal ~   critical ~ 1.   () 2.    cut ~   downstream ~   entry ~   ( ) flat earth ~    friction ~ 1.   2.   glide ~    grout ~     (   ) hydraulic ~   inner ~   () member ~    natural ~   outer [outside] ~   ();   () piezometric ~  side ~   solifluction ~   surface ~   upstream ~   water surface ~   
sloper     
slot ; ; , ;  flashboard ~   ,   
slough: impending ~   [] - 
slowdown     ,    
sludge , ,  activated [active] ~   artificial ~   (- Fe, Mg, Al  .) bulking ~   densified ~     dewatered ~     digested ~  []    dried ~     excess ~   primary ~   ( );     raw ~   ( ) recycle ~    return ~    secondary ~     surplus ~    swelled activated ~    thin ~   waste activated ~    
sludger  
sluice 1. ;  ;   2. - 3.  ;   4. ;  deep ~   flushing ~   log ~   scoring ~ 1.   2.  ;   
sluiceway  []  low level ~   
slum 
slump   ( ) target ~  ,     ( )
slurry 1. ,    2. ,  3.  bentonite ~  ,   cement   emulsion ~  ,    filler ~ - microsilica ~    SBR cement ~   []    - 
slush: frazil ~  , 
slusher  (  )
smallholding   
smalt 1.     2.    
smalto  (1.     2.  -    -    ,    )
smoke 1. ;  2. ,  dark ~   welding ~  ,  
smoke-black 
smoothing ; -; ; 
smoothness ,  (,  )
smoulding ,   
smut ; 
snagging        (, )
snake . 1.  ,         2.   ,     
snap  rivet ~  ( )
snatch ,  (.     )
snowdrift   ( )
snowstorm 
snubber , ,  
soakaway  [, ] 
soak-up ,  moisture ~  
society: cooperative housing ~ -- 
socket 1.  2.  ;  3.   cast-in ~  ()  double ~  ,   flange ~   -  nut ~    pan ~    plug ~  ,     sleeve ~   threaded anchor ~      (      )
sodium 
soffit ;   (, ) beam ~   [] 
softener: water ~ ,     ; - 
softening   after ~   base-exchange ~    lime ~   lime-soda ~ - - sodium-zeolite ~ -   water ~ ,  
softwood   ,  
soil 1. ,  2.  ;   3.  ;   ,   <> ~ bonded by ice   ( ) active ~   (    ) alluvial ~  (. );   basement ~.   ( ) black cotton ~  (      ,    ) catena ~  coarse-grained ~   cohesionless ~   cohesive ~   collapsible [collapsing] ~ -  colluvial ~ ,   compressible ~   (. ) extremely high liquid limit ~ - ()  fat ~  ()  filled ~   fine-grained ~   floury ~  ,   ( ,           ) fluvial ~s -  ( ) foundation ~   frictional ~   granular ~   (  ) gravity transported ~ ,   hard ~   hard frozen ~   heaving ~   high ice ~   ( -,  50/) high liquid limit ~   (    50  70%) highly organic ~      ,   high plasticity ~   (    20  40) ice ~   (   25  50%) intermediate liquid limit ~   (    30  50%) lean ~   (    1  5) light ~   (      ) lime ~   (      50%) low ice ~   ( -  25%) low liquid limit ~   (    35%) low plasticity ~   (    1  5) manmade ~    -  mantle ~ ,  ,    medium-particled ~   (  90%     2 ) noncohesive ~   nonfrictional ~ ,     () nonfrost-susceptible ~   organic ~     paddy-field ~   (  40%    20%  ) pedological ~ ,   perpetually frozen ~ -  plastic frozen ~   reinforced ~   remolded ~     residual ~ ,       saturated ~   stiff ~   stratified ~   subgrade ~   ( ) label ~   (    ) top ~  ;   ,  undisturbed ~     uniformly graded ~  []  -   unstable ~   very soft ~   
soil-cement  
soldier 1.    ;    2. ,  [] 
solepiece ;     []
soleplate 1. ;     [] 2.  ;   3.  ( )
solid 1.   2. ;  dissolved ~s   [ ] mixed liquor volatile suspended ~s     - semi-infinite homogeneous isotropic ~     () suspended ~s  ;   total dissolved ~s   
solidity 1. ,  2. ,  3. , ; ; 
solifluction 
solum 1.  ,   2.   
solution 1.  2.  ~ of truss joint      alternative ~  []  analytical ~ of trusses    approximate ~   architectural ~   cleaning ~  ,    cost-effective ~   exact ~   finite element ~     graphical ~   linear ~   (); ,      membrane ~   -  nonlinear ~  (.),     Terzaghi ~   (  ) 
solvent  aliphatic ~   ()
sonar: side scan ~    (  , )
soot 
sophistication: artistic ~   []
sopraporta  []      
sorting 
structural steel ~ for erection    
sound ;  airborne ~   impact ~  
sound-absorbing 
sounding 1.  2.   (, ) acoustical ~   electrical ~  IR ~ ()     magnetotelluric ~ -   optical ~  
soundness 1.  ( ) 2.  (  , ) 3. 
soundproofing 
soundtightness 
source 1.  2.  ~ of radiation  ()  cold ~  , - heat ~   heat supply ~   low grade heat ~  []   negative ~ ;   point ~  []  () pollution ~   power (supply) ~   vibration ~  () ,   water-supply ~  
space 1.  2.  3.  4. ,  <> ~ between beams   ; ~s earmarked for landscaping ,    [- ] administration ~     air ~  ;   [];  ;   annular ~   architectural ~   assembly ~   ;   audience ~  ,    ball game ~      building ~s ,  business ~     car ~    caulking ~     circulation ~  ;  []       clean ~  []     clerical ~  ,  closed ~   commerce ~   communication ~   conditioned ~   conference ~ - cooking ~     corridor open ~     (  ) crawl ~ 1.    (  1,5 ) 2.   curing ~    [ ]  dead ~   [] ,   dead water ~   (  ) detention ~s   display ~  ,   equipment housing ~   (  )  exhibition ~  ,   guard ~ 1.       (- 0,6 - 1,2 ) 2.  habitable inner ~   information storage ~     (,     .) landscaped ~  ,   -  lecture ~  ,  living ~   management ~     occupied ~  ;    open (-air) ~  ;   open public ~   (  ) operating ~  ,   ( ) outdoor [outer] ~   photography ~   planting ~  []    [    ] plenum ~   ,  ;    reading ~   record ~     (. ) recording ~    recreation ~   rentable ~  ;   resting ~    retail trading ~     right-of-way ~ ,    (.  ) roof ~  ;       ;  ,  roof-truss ~   sale ~     semi-infinite ~   serving ~  []  shopping ~     show ~  ,   storage ~   ,   study ~  [, ]   telecommunication ~     telephone communication ~     television viewing ~      tight working ~  []  ;      trading ~   training ~    typewriting ~    uninterrupted ~  (. )  usable apartment [usable flat] ~    usable office ~    welfare ~s   ( ) wholesale trading ~    window ~      (    ) working ~  ,  []   ,    
spacer 1.  2.     3.   adjustable ~  ( )   bar ~   form ~   reinforcing rod ~   T-bar ~       [ ]
spacing 1. ,  2. ; ;  ~ of beams   ( ),    ~ of buildings  []   ~ of reinforcement    bar ~    girder ~     joint ~    (.   ) post ~     rebar ~    runway ~      -  stirrup ~   
spade  []  air(-operated clay) ~   coffered ~      draining ~      garden ~ -  grafting ~ ,    (   )
socketed ~      strapped ~      trenching ~   (  )
spading     ; - ( ,    .)
spall ,   (,   .), 
spalling 1. , ,  (, ) 2. , - (, ) joint ~   ( , )  
span 1.  (1.  2.  ) 2.   () 3.           4. ; , ;  5.   6.  () abutment ~   adjacent ~   adjoining ~   approach ~  ;   () arm ~   -  cantilever ~  --  center [central] ~   clear ~    [ ] continuous (bridge) ~    () economical ~     effective ~    end ~   flanking ~     hand operated ~   ,     inner ~  [] ;    interior ~  []  land ~   () loaded ~   (   ..) navigation ~   () shear ~   [] supported ~   --  suspended ~      table ~   -  table approach ~     tower ~    unloaded ~   (   ,) vertical lift ~   () wing ~   
spandrel 1.    2.    
spanner    ~      cranked podger ~  -  double-ended flat ~     double-ended open-jawed ~       fork ~      hook ~      peg ~   pipe ~    podger ~    railway track ~      ring ~   round-head ~      single-ended flat ~     socket ~   spear-head ~    square nut ~      tubular box ~  ,     
spanpiece    span-through of 
shell   
spar: rafter ~   
spares   ( ) 
sparpiece    
spate 1. ;  2.  ;  
spec . specification 
specialist  highly knowlegeable ~   
specification 1.  [, ] ( ) 2. pi   <> ~ and conditions (of a contract)    ( ), ~ for durability  ,       ; ~s for works     ;      ; out of ~s     base bid ~s      ,     (  ) closed ~s       (      ) commercial ~s     construction ~s   ;       design ~s     F-number ~s         [] F (    ) formwork ~s      .    [] functional ~s  ,     () guide ~s    (        ) machine ~    master ~s    (      ) national ~s    or-equal ~s  ,    (-)  outline ~       (   ) performance ~  ;   ;     product ~   ;    proprietary ~s   [],           standard ~s    strength ~ for stripping     ()   ( -   ) target ~    ~ for stripping     ()   tolerance ~s    
specified <> unless otherwise ~  (  ),    , 
specifying the quality of concrete  []     
specimen  bending test ~      concrete core ~ with reinforcement      (      ) core ~   (   ) cylindrical concrete ~      (   ) dumb-bell ~ . waisted specimen labcrete ~    (   ) notched ~    (   ) randomly selected ~    realcrete ~  ,    tension ~      (, , , ) test ~  []  waisted ~ - (     )
spectacles: safety ~  
spectrum  design wave ~    sound ~  ,    vibration ~    (   )
speed ;   ~ of construction  []  agitating ~   [] (   ..) air ~   critical ~   design ~   erection ~   exit design ~    () free ~       idle ~    infinitely variable ~    input ~    loading ~   maximum threshold ~       mixing ~     (    -) operating ~   optimum ~   (,     ) placing ~   (. ) rated ~   response ~   [] running ~   () specific ~ ,    (--) tip ~   zero ~  
sphere 1.  []  2.  pressure storage ~    
spider 1.   2. ;  ,  mast cap ~  ( -)
spier .   ,    
spigot 1.   (),  ,   2.   3. ,  chamfered ~      ( ) flange ~   -   
spike  cut ~  elastic rail ~   (  ) screw ~   track ~ 
spiker  
spiking   ()
spiling  
spill (over) 1. ()  (    ) 2.  
spillway ;  arched ~   automatic siphon ~    channel type ~   chute ~   drop-inlet ~   emergency ~  ,   flood ~   glory hole ~   lateral-flow ~      nonaerated ~   ogee ~    overflow ~   shaft ~   shaft-and-tunnel ~    shore ~   side-channel ~     ,  ;    side service ~   siphon ~   ski jump ~  ,   uncontrolled crest ~   waste water ~   
spindle  
spiral 1.  2.   3.  4.   flat ~   
spire 1. , ;   2. ,  openwork ~  []  
spirit: circular ~   
spit   ( )   ;     
splay 1. ,  ;  ;  ;  () 2. , ;  ( ) 3. , ,  [] ( , ) 4. ,      ;     (    )
splice 1. , ,  || ,  2. ,  || ,  (. ) bar grip mechanical ~       flange ~     ( ) full ~ 1.   2.   [] lap(ped) ~   mechanical ~ of reinforcing steel        moment ~  (    ),   web ~  (,    .)      welded butt ~    ( ) welded pile ~    
splicing 1. ,  2.  ~ of steel wire     pile ~   reinforcement ~   
spline 1.  2. ; ;   sealing ~   (  )
split 1.     2.   (   ) 3.    (    )
splitter ,   ( ) concrete [hydraulic] ~   [, ] sample ~ .    (    )
splitting: hydraulic ~   (  )
spoil  ,   coarse ~    (, .   ) colliery ~       
spoiler: aerodynamic ~   
spokeshave  (  ) ; 
spool 1. ;  2.  () 3.  (   .) gypsy ~ . ;  
spoon 1. ;  2.  sampling ~ 
spot 1.  ||   2. ; ;  3.   4. ;  ; ;   (   .) focal ~ ,   low ~  raised ~  rust ~  
spotter - ( ,.     ..)
spout 1.  ,  ;   2.   3.  discharge ~   
sprawl: urban ~  
spray 1   2.  3. ,  4. ,   fog ~   -  (.    ) hand ~   
sprayer  curing compound ~       water ~  - wheelbarrow ~    []
spraying  (),  airless ~   (. ) hot ~    []  hydraulic ~  ,    water ~  
spraylath      -;       
spread 1.    2.  (),  3.     4.   (     ) ~ of fire   [] beam ~    ( ) flame ~    ( ) flow-table ~    (  ) jet ~  
spreader 1.    (       ) 2.  3.    4.  (, , ,   . .) adhesive ~       aggregate ~   chip (ping) ~    [] coated chipping ~    [  ] concrete ~ , -  long-handled ~       (    . ) lorry-mounted gravel ~ . -   [] truck-mounted gravel ~ .    []
spreading  (.  ),  binder ~  ;  
spring 1.  2. ,  3.   (, ) air ~  []  bow ~   buffer ~   close-wound ~    constant-force ~      [],     contact ~   cussion ~   damping ~   door ~  ,    door hinge ~    flat ~   hard ~   helical ~   hillside ~   latch ~    retaining ~   return ~   stratum ~   weightless ~  
springer: gable ~   []     (  )
springing 1.     2. -    
sprinkler ,  -  lawn ~  [-]  (    . .)
sprocket  ()
spud 1. ; ;  2.  (  ) 3.  [] ,  4.  5.   6.   anchoring ~   driving ~   (          turning ~   () walking ~   working ~   () 
spudding    (   ) pile ~ . spudding 
spur 1. , , ;   2.  () 3.    
square 1.  ||  2.  (.  ) 3.  adjustable ~    bevel ~ ,  carpenter's ~   -  combination ~    double ~    frame wood ~    miter ~ ,  optical ~  []  prism ~   reflecting ~   scaffold ~    try ~   
squeegee 1.   2.   (.   )
squeeze  main ~ . , , 
stabbing 1.     2.  ()
stability ; ;  <> ~ under no-load condition   ( ), ~ under working conditions   ~ of crane during lifting operations    ~ of geometrical shape   ~ of slope   ~ of volume   adequate ~  []  aerodynamic ~   () color ~  critical ~   dimensional ~   ,  []  dynamic ~   elastic M    fire ~  ()    light ~  relative ~   (.  ) shelf ~ 1.    2.   soil ~   thermal ~  transverse ~   unstable ~   virtual ~  
stabilization  (, ) ~ of effluent    bank ~  bed ~   cement soil ~  () contact ~   ground ~  []  piling ~         soil ~  []  soil-lime ~    water ~  
stabilizer   (    ) chemical ~  ,      draught ~  
stable 1. ;  2. ;  freeze-thaw ~ 
stack 1. ,   2.   3.  4. ; ;  chimney ~      discharge ~   evase ~      ( ) exhaust ~   main ~       smoke ~   soil ~  -  vent ~   (  ) waste ~      
stacker  
stacking ,  crane ~     vertical ~  []    (. )
stadia 1   2. -  3.  horizontal ~    (    ) 
stadimeter  
stadium  sports ~   
staff 1.    -  2.     3.   4.   [] (         ) 5. ; ;  6. ;  angle ~     []  (  ) coarse ~  (   ) cross ~   fine ~      fixed ~   
stage 1. , , ,  2.  3. ;  4. ()  5.   ,   ~s of building   compression ~   [] conceptual ~     ( ) concreting ~ 1.     2.  []  conjugate ~s    corresponding ~s    crest ~       design ~ of the project     detailed design ~    ;     dumping ~   early ~ of the project    () erecting ~  []     final ~  [] ;   [] flood ~     high pressure ~    landing ~ ,  lock-up ~    low pressure ~    low-water ~  ,    normal ~    operating ~  []  (, ) outline design ~    pressure-   rotary ~   swinging ~  ;   working ~  ,  
staged  , 
staging 1. () ; ,  2.   builder's ~   
stain 1.  2.   3. ,  ( ) 4.  ( ) 5. pi  ,  ( ) <> ~ for concrete  []   asphalt ~   (   ..) blue ~  ( ) brow ~  ( ) chemical ~s   (  !  ) fire ~     (.   ) mineral ~s   []   oil ~   rust ~   water ~s  []   stain-sealer: concrete ~      stair  access ~     angled ~   (     90) arch(ed) ~   attic ~    auxiliary ~  ;   back ~   basement ~  ; ,     box ~ ,     (   ) circular ~  []  (    ) dogleg (ged) ~   down ~s  ()   (  ) enclosed ~ ,     (   ) escape ~   exterior ~   fire-escape ~   half-pace ~   newel ~  ;       open-newel ~  []      <     ) open-riser ~       ( ) parallel ~   quay ~    spiral ~  []  three-flight [triple-flight] ~   up ~s  ()   (  )
staircase 1.   2.  (.  stair) 3.   moving ~ 
stairwall 1.    2. ,  
stairway 1.  (.  stair) 2.   accommodation ~   []  (      ) enclosed ~   (        ),     external ~   fire-fighting ~   lobby approach ~     [, -] moving ~  open ~   ( ),     protected ~  
stair-well  ;  
stake 1. ; ;  2. ; ;  3.  <> to ~ out  (, ) grade ~   ,   ground ~   guard ~  nail ~     (   ,    . .) setting ~   
staking out  (   ,   ..)\ ; 
stall 1. , ,  2. ;  3.   ,  4. ;  5. . stalling shower ~  
stalling  [   ] 
stamping 1. ;  2.   (.  ),  
stanchion   [];     crane ~    roof ~    side ~   steel angle ~    ;      , valley ~    ,   
stand 1.   2. ; ; ;  3. ;  cycle ~ -   drill pipe ~   ladder ~ () - test ~  
standard 1. ; ;   2. ;  3. ; ; ;    up to ~    ~ of construction    ~ of control      ~s of organization   () ~ of quality    building ~  [ ]     construction safety and health ~s ,         design ~s   indoor air quality ~s     minimum property ~s    performance ~s    ,     quality ~s for water     reinforcing steel placing ~s     safety ~ for formwork         
standardization 1.  2.  ( ) <> ~ in structure   [ ] 
standby  []   
standees   ( ) 
standpipe 1.   2.   3.  4.  5.   storey (-height) ~  wet ~   
standpost: public ~   
staple  [] , 
starling        
starter ,  
starting ,    no-load ~    
start-up ,    
state ; ;   <> in good ~    ~ of cracking  - ~ of deformation   ~ of dynamic equilibrium    ~ of equilibrium   ~ of inertia   ~ of plane deformation    ~ of pure membrane stress -  ~ of rest   ~ of stable equilibrium    ~ of static equilibrium    ~ of strain   ~ of stress   ~ of unstable equilibrium    amorphous ~   basic stress ~    biaxial stress ~  []   colloidal ~   combined stress ~    cracking limit ~     critical limit ~    deformation ~   elastic ~  ,   elastic-plastic [elastoplastic] ~ -  equilibrium ~   failure limit ~      free ~  []  gaseous ~   idle ~   indifferent ~ (of equilibrium)   () initial stress ~    in-service ~   limit ~  limit ~ of cracking     limit ~ of crack width      limit ~ of deflection     [ ] limiting ~   linear stress ~    liquid ~   nonhomogeneous ~ of stress    non-operating ~   one-dimensional ~ of stress    operating ~   plane deformation ~    plane stress ~    plastic ~   ramshackle ~   ( ) saturation ~  ,   semifluid ~   serviceability limit ~      ()  solid ~   strained ~   stress ~ at a point     stress and strain ~ -  three-dimensional stress ~  []   transient [transition] ~   triaxial ~ of stress    two-dimensional ~w of stress  []   ultimate limit ~       [ ] uniaxial ~ of stress    unstable ~   vaporous ~   yield ~  
statement of probable construction cost -  [ ]   ( )
statics  graphic ~  , - structural ~  
station ; ; .  ~ of the side platform type  ()    air ~   ambulance ~  []   angle ~   ( ) automotive service ~   ;   auxiliary ~  ;  ;   barrage power ~   base-load hydroelectric ~   block heating ~  []  block hydroelectric ~    booster ~  (, ),  ,    building research ~ -      bus ~  buttress water power ~   canal pumping ~    central heating ~   ,  clean work ~    (    ),   combined heat and power ~ ,  compressed air ~    ,   concrete mixing ~  ; -  deep ~  ()   discharge gauging ~  []  dosing ~ () -  (   ) drainage pumping ~    earthquake ~   entry ~   evaporation ~   filling ~   fire ~  ,   first stage pumping ~     floating pumping ~    fuel ~   full ~   gasholder ~   gas metering ~   gauging ~  []  group heating ~  ,  harbor ~   heat ~  heat and power ~ ,  heat exchange ~ -  heat transfer ~ 1.   2.   high level ~    (.   ) hydroelectric power ~ ,  lift ~  ;     metering ~   ( ) parcels ~   pier head power ~   plus ~   post-tensioned concrete ~  []      pressure reducing ~    ( ,   ) pump ~   pumped-storage hydro ~ - ,  railway ~   reclamation ~     refuse transfer ~   []  relay ~   research ~   seismic ~   service ~   sewage pumping ~    stream-gauging ~  []  subsidiary ~  ()  subway ~   terminal ~ .-.   thermal power ~  ,  tidal power ~  ,  transfer ~ 1.   2.   transfer pumping ~    transforming ~   transshipment ~   underground hydroelectric power ~    ventilating ~  water ~   water power ~ ,  water treatment ~   wind power ~   
stave  () 
stay 1. , ; ;   2. ; ; ;  3.   anchor ~  (, ) back ~  ( ),  ( ) cable ~ ,   casement ~     chain ~     [   ] cross ~s  
stay-form  
steam  dry ~   dry saturated ~    exhaust ~  []  flash ~  live ~   saturated ~    superheated ~   waste ~   wet ~  
stearate: aluminum ~   (   )
steel 1.  2.  ( ) acid ~   alloy ~   aluminum-clad ~ ,  ;   aluminum-coated sheet ~   ;  ,   band ~  []  beam ~    bottom-mat ~    () carbon ~   cast ~  ,   clad ~   colorcoat ~      galvanized ~   high-carbon ~   high-strength ~   high-tensile ~      high yield stress ~      hot dipped galvanized ~    light section ~ used in building ()    low-carbon ~  []  mild ~  []  notch ductile ~       plate ~   post-tensioned ~  ,    prestressing ~  ?  pretensioned ~ ,    protruding reinforcing ~     reinforcement [reinforcing] ~   rod ~   rolled ~   roof ~   sheet ~   stainless ~   stainless clad ~     strip ~   structural ~ 1.   ( ) 2.  []  structural-grade ~  []  temperature ~       thin sheet ~   top-mat ~    () vinyl-coated ~    []   weathering ~  ;   (   ) work-hardened ~ ,    (,    .) zinc-coated ~  
steelfixer 
steelwork 1.   2.   structural ~   
steelworker 1.    2. ; 
steening 1.    ( ) 2.   ,   .
steepness of slope  
steining        
stem 1.   2.     (   ) 3.  () drill ~   ( ) valve ~  ;   []
stencil ; 
stenciling     ;   
step 1. ; ;  2. ;  (),  3. ; ;  4. pi ;  angle ~   barrage ~   ,   bull-nose ~  ( ),     -    commode ~   () front ~s     lock ~    starting ~   ()
stepladder 
stepping  ( ,  )
stepwelding -   
stereo: exaggered ~    
stereocomparator 
stereophotogrammetry 
stereoscope 
sterilization ,  air ~   water ~  
stick 1. ; ;  2. ,  3.  () 4. ,  5.  
sticker 1.  ;   2.   3. ,  4. .   dipper ~  ( ) gandy ~ .  idiot ~ . 1. ()  2.   shovel ~    stir ~  []   (   ) 
stiffened ; ;    
stiffener 1.  -2.  ( ) end ~   []  (   )  ;    girder ~      load bearing ~     (  ) web ~     
stiffening  []  () early ~   () premature ~   () raft ~  ()  
stiff ness 1.  ( ,  ,   .) 2.  () <> ~ in compression  ()  ; ~ in tension  ()  ; ~ in torsion    ~ of structure   [] bending ~    column ~   [] cylindrical ~ of a plate    excessive ~   ( ) fixed-end ~   ( , ) flexural ~   linear ~   relative ~  []  ,     simple-beam ~ of the member      (   ) torsional ~    true ~ of a member    () 
stile 1.  ()       2.      (, ) angle ~  ,  - closing ~  () (      ) door ~  ()    hanging ~  () (       ) hinge ~ . hanging stile lock(ing) ~   () (      ;    ) meeting ~  () (      -   ) striking ~  () (      ) 
still 1.   2.  3.  (   ) 
stippler (-)  
stippling ,  
stirring: frost ~       
stirrup 1.   2.  []    ( , ) 3.  4.  beam ~      closed ~    open ~  []   open ~ with a cap  []        U ~ -   
stob .   
stob-jobber . ,    ( - ) 
stock 1. ; ;  2. ;  ;   3.  4.  -   5.   6.  () 7.  () 8.  dimension ~    (  10  30 ) high-grade ~   low-grade ~   oil ~   ( ) pipe ~  roll(ed) ~  rolling ~ .-.   standard ~  []  (  )   tank farm ~     [] veneered ~  work ~  
stockpiling  earth ~   
stolport        
stone ;   abutment ~  ;  ,  apex ~  []  ( ) arch ~   (     ) artificial ~   [ ] bond ~  ,    ( ) border ~  ,  broken ~  building ~   (  ,   ) cap ~  []  carborundum ~   [1 cast ~   cement ~   chalk ~  cladding ~    [coping] ~      crushed ~  crusher-run ~   curb ~   () cut ~ -  ;   dimension ~      dressed ~  []  facing ~   gang-sawn ~   guard ~   gutter ~  ;   half-sawn ~  ()  natural ~  () ;     pad ~ ;   patent ~  ( )  pave [paving] ~   pitch-faced ~  ,    pitching ~   (180 -300 )   plaster ~  ;   precast concrete ~ ()   ( ) random ~     rock-face ~  ,    rubble ~  []  saddle ~  []  ( ) sawed [sawn] building ~   structural ~ . building stone 
stoneware    ,   sanitary ~   ,   
stoning 1.     [] 2.  
stool 1.   2.    3. ;  window ~   
stoop ;   
stop 1.  ( ) 2. ; ;  3.  ;  bench ~    ;   bit ~    blind ~      (     ) boom ~    () fire ~ 1.     (  ),    2.   floor ~   []  footing ~    []      glass ~  jib safety ~s     () metal water ~    [] (  ) meter ~       (  ) pipe ~     water ~ 1.   2. ;  3.  wind ~  ,  ,  -
stoplog ; 1   floating ~  
stoppage 1.  () 2.  ,     work ~   ,   ;  ,  
stopper 1. ,  () 2. ,  drain ~   (    ) pipe ~    (  ), 
stopping 1. ,  () 2.  ()
stop-planks  
stopway   
storage 1.  2. ;  3. ,  4. ; ;  ,     ~ of aquifer     ~ of samples in water   (. )   active ~  []   annual ~ 1.    2.    available ~ 1.   2.    backwater ~   bagged ~    (  ..) balance ~    buffer ~   bulk ~   carry-over ~    catchment area ~   daily ~    dead ~    drawoff ~     earth cold ~  - effective ~    elevated ~   field (oil) ~   fire reserve ~    flood control ~     full ~    groundwater ~    heat ~ 1. , -   2.   holddown [holdover] ~    lateral ~  ;    live ~    material (s) ~   offstream ~  []  oil ~  pressure ~   pumped ~ 1.  ,   2.   regulating [regulator] ~   reservoir ~  ;   rock bed ~ () -    seasonal ~    sedimental ~     snow ~ ;     surcharge ~   ;  ,     surface ~ 1.    2.    temporary ~    thermal ~ 1.  2.  total ~    underground gas ~   underground oil ~  ,  -  underground water ~     usable ~    valley ~   
store 1.     2. .  cold ~ - department ~   thermal ~  variety ~   (    200  15000 2)
storey ;  basement ~  []  bedroom ~   half ~   kitchen ~ ,    lofty ~   top ~  
storm  strain design ~   unit ~  []  (  ) 
story . storey
stove   ;  ;  ;  continuous burning ~   []  cowper ~ ,   gas ~    oil ~   
stowing 1. ;  2.  ( ) hydraulic ~  
straightedge  ,  lightweight magnesium ~   []   
straightener 1.   [] 2.    ( ) 3.  ()  strain ; ;  <> ~ at a point   ; ~ in a transverse direction    angular ~   angular unit ~    axial ~  [] ()  bending ~   ;   bulk ~ ()   compression [compressive] ~ ()    cyclic ~s    elastic ~  ()  inelastic ~  ()  lateral ~  ()  linear ~  () ;   linear elastic ~   ()  linearly varying ~   ; ,     longitudinal ~  ()  main ~   nonelastic ~  ()  nonlinear elastic ~   ()  plane ~   plastic ~  ()  principal ~   residual ~   shear(ing) ~ ()  ,  ,   stretcher ~s   (       ) surface ~  ,    swelling ~   tension ~    time-dependent ~ ,    transverse ~  ()  true ~  [] ()  ultimate tensile ~   ,     unit ~  []  (  ) viscoelastic ~   volume ~ ()  
strainer   (), -, ;  (   ) belt-type water ~    floating ~   (   ) rotating drum water ~   suction ~    , - water ~   ( )
straining  
strainmeter 
strand ,  (),   central ~   (  ) fiber ~ ()    flax ~   glass-fiber ~    wire ~  
strap 1. ;  2. ; ; ;  3. , ;  4.   5.  (   ) adjustable shoulder ~      (   .) butt ~  []  clamp (ing) ~   driving ~   heel ~    (    ) neck ~   (   ) pipe ~     
stratification ,  air ~  []  thermal ~  
stratified 
stratigraphy 
stratum  (),  () aquiferous ~   [] bearing ~  []   (    ) running ~   water-bearing ~  
straw 1.  2.  
strawboard  (       )
streak 1. ;  2.  ( ) 3. ;  mortar ~s  []   (     ;   ) sand ~s   ( )
stream 1. ,  2. ; ;  air ~   beheaded ~   convective ~   debris ~  ebb ~   effluent ~   flashy ~   fluid ~     influent ~   jet ~   laminary ~   nonsteady ~   nonuniform ~   receiving ~      regulated ~   side ~  tidal ~   traffic ~   (        ) tributary ~  turbulent ~   ungauged ~ ,       uniform ~   unregulated ~   well ~   
streamflow 1.   2.  
street  arterial ~   blind ~  collector ~   ( ) corridor-type ~    cross ~   dead-end ~  () high ~   loop ~   marginal access ~ ,    minor ~ ;       (    ) municipal ~    one-way ~     private ~  [],     secondary ~  (  ) side ~   state-aid ~ ,     tertiary ~  ( ) 
strength 1. ;  ;   2. ,  () <> ~ under sustained load    ,   ~ of materials   ~ of sewage       jMk asive ~    IXtual ~  []  actual aggregate breaking ~    (  ) actual breaking ~     [ ],    (. ) adequate ~   adfreezing ~   adhesion (al) ~  ,  ;   aggregate breaking ~     [] alternate ~   []    alternate bending ~         [  ] axial tensile ~    []  bearing ~   bending ~    bending compression ~      bending oscillation ~ ()      bending tensile [tension] ~      bond (ing) ~  ,  ;   bond ~ of cement to coarse aggregate         bond ~ of cement to sand       Brazilian test ~    ( )     (  ) breaking ~  ,   ( , -  . .) buckling ~    ;      bursting ~    characteristic ~  ,   characteristic ~ of concrete    characteristic ~ of prestressing tendon     characteristic ~ of reinforcement    characteristic cube ~  -  combined ~       compressive ~    ,    compressive ~ affected by water-cement ratio      ( )  compressive ~ increased by revibration        [ ] concrete ~  ;     concrete ~ at 7 days      concrete ~ at 28 days    28-  concrete compressive ~      crack ~ ,   creep ~  ,   crushing ~    -,   - cube ~   cylinder ~   deformation ~    design ~  ; ,  ;   > design ~ of materials   [ ]  design mean ~    (    ) drained ~   dried ~       (  105 - 110 ) dynamic ~   dynamic ultimate ~    early ~    early ~ of concrete    (    ) elastic ~     endurance ~    (    ) fatigue ~    (    ) final ~ of concrete    (  ) fired ~  ( )    flexural ~   ,    ,  ,   fracture ~  ,   ( , -) guaranteed ~   impact ~ 1.   2.  ;   initial ~   long-term ~  []  mean ~  ,    no-load shearing ~  . ()    offset yield ~    peak ~   () postbuckling ~   (, )      (  ) postcracking ~   - pull-out rebar ~    ( ) reduced ~   reinforcing bar pull-out ~    ( ) rock joint ~      ( ) rupture ~   [ ]   shear(ing) ~    [],   short-term ~   soil ~    specified works cube ~     (- !,     ) splitting tensile ~  ,    stripping ~   taking-off ~  ; ,        tearing ~    [ ] tensile ~    -. ;    tensile splitting ~    tinctorial ~   tinting ~   torsion ~  [ ]   transfer ~   ( ) transverse ~   ,   [ ]   ultimate ~  ,   ultimate tensile ~   [ ]   works cube ~     (   -) yield ~   
strengthening of concrete structures  ()   [] 
stress 1. () ,   2. ()  3.    ,  ,   <> ~ acting away from the joint  (  ),   ; ~es arising from bending and axial loading ,        ; ~es at a point   ; ~es beyond the elastic limit    ; ~ constant across the section ,    ; ~ due to bending and shear      ; ~ due to prestress   ;   ,  ; ~es due to wind forces    ,    ; ~es in a rectangular coordinate system     ; ~es induced by loads ,   [] (    ); ~es in elastic range    ; ~ in reinforcement  []  ; ~es in the plastic range    ; ~es in truss components [in truss members]    [ ]; ~ produced by design loads    ; ~ resolved into two components ,    ; ~ varying from point to point ,      ( ), ~es with the elastic limit ,    ;     actual ~   additional ~   allowable ~ 1.  ()  2.  () ,    allowable unit ~  ()  alternate [alternating] ~   anchorage bond ~       average ~  ,    axial [axis] ~  [, ]  bar ~  []   (. ) bearing (unit) ~   belt ~   ( ) bending ~    bending failure ~    ;     biaxial ~    blow ~    bond ~   bottom-chord ~     () boundary ~    breaking ~  ;    buckling ~     calculated ~   circumferential (unit) ~    ,   combined ~es ,     ;   ;     combined bearing, bending, and shear ~es     ,     combined shear and bending ~        compression [compressive] ~  ,   compressive ~ in bending     concentrated-load ~ ,    constant ~   crack-inducing ~ ,    crippling ~ .    ,     critical ~   crushing ~   - [] cycle ~ 1.   2. pi   ( ) dead load ~     design ~  ; ,    development bond ~          ( ) deviation ~   ; ,     (     ) deviator ~  ,    direct ~  []    drying shrinkage ~es ,      dynamic ~     edge ~   effective ~  [] ;   equivalent ~  ;   erection ~     extreme (fiber) ~     failure ~   fatigue ~   fiber ~  ,  ;    final ~  [] - () flexible [flexural] ~    floor ~ during operation         floor ~ when climbing           flow ~  ,    fluctuating ~es  ;  []  ( ) fracture ~    [] freezing ~es ,    (.   ) gravity ~    ;      handling ~es ,  ( )  ,    high localized ~es    (  ) hoop ~  []    hydrostatic ~   ideal main [principal] ~    impact ~es    [ ] initial ~es 1.   2.      (   ) intergranular ~   intermediate principal ~  ( )   jacking ~     larger principal ~    limiting ~es permitted in the standard  ,   linearly varying ~es ,     live-load ~     local ~es   local bond ~    longitudinal ~   main ~   maximum ~   maximum allowable [maximum permissible] ~    maximum shearing ~   ;    mean ~ 1.   (     ) 2. -   mean cycle ~    mean fatigue ~    [ ] ( ) membrane ~es  ,    ;     meridian ~   (  ) negative normal ~    neutral ~  ;    ( ) normal ~   octahedral normal ~  !  (     ,     ) octahedral shear ~   ,   peak ~  ,  ,       permissible ~   plate ~es    [] point-load ~     positive normal ~    primary ~   principal ~es   principal tensile ~    proof ~ 1.    2.  ,    proof ~ at 0.2 percent set    (   0,2%) pulsating ~   radial ~   radial shearing ~    reduced main [reduced principal] ~    reinforcement ~    repeated ~  ;   residual ~ 1.   2.  []  ( ) reversed ~ ,    rupture ~   [] ;   safe ~   secondary ~es   [] (.    ) service ~     settlement ~es    shear ~   [];   shear ~es on oblique planes         shear buckling ~         shearing ~ . shear stress shrinkage (-related) ~   ,   smaller principal ~    spherical ~   ,    ;    splitting tensile ~   static ~     surface ~    tangential ~   temperature ~   temporary ~        tensile [tension] ~   tensile ~ due to bending     [ ] thermal ~   timber ~es          time-dependent ~ ,    top-chord ~     ;      torsional ~  ()   total ~  ,    transverse bending ~ in flange         true ~  []  truss ~es    []  truss ~es determined by method of sections    ,    twisting ~    ultimate ~ 1.  ,   2.      ultimate shear ~   [ ]   [] ultimate tensile ~   [ ]   unit ~ 1.  2.  , ,   unit ~ produced by design loads     unrelieved ~   working ~  ;  []  yield ~    (  ),    ;     
stressed ; - <> ~ beyond the proportional limit     
stressing 1. , ;   2.    (. ) multistage ~    ( ) 
stressless     []
stretch 1. , , ;  2. , ;  3. , , ; ,  level ~ of road   
stretcher 1. ; ;  2.     3. ;   belt ~   ,    () membrane ~   (  ) 
stretching ; , ; ; - no-load ~        ( ) relief ~     
striated ;  
strickle 1.  2.  ;  3. 
striking ,     ;  formwork ~  
striking-off 1. ,  2.      (, , )
string 1. ; ,  2. ;  close ~        continuous ~  ;   (   ) cut ~   (       -  ) drill (pipe) ~  ;   drive~   face ~    finished ~      (   ..) housed ~        insulating ~   (  ) open ~   (        ) outer ~  ;   pipe (line) ~  []  stone ~  (  ) wall ~     
stringer 1. ;  (.  string) 2.     3.    4.   (  ),  ( ) 5.   (   ) ledger ~   
strip 1. ; ; ; ;  2. ;  ( -) 3.   4, / ,   air ~  backing ~ ()  bevel ~   (    ) buffer ~  ()     butt ~  ;   calico ~  cant ~     ( ) canting ~   []    (    ) carpet ~    (    ) chamfer ~     ( ) column ~       connecting ~   [] cover ~ , ;  desilting ~    door ~   drip ~  (   ) earth air ~   edge ~ (of a slab)     (  ) expansion ~   (  ) feature ~   []  fixing ~      flooring ~    ( ) girt ~       grade ~   [] (    ) grass ~     gravel-   (       ) guide ~  /  ),   hard ~ .   heater ~  ,   landing ~   ledger ~   margin ~ 1.   () 2. dop.   metal dividing ~    (  -) middle ~ (of a slab)     (    ) nailing ~    (  ,      , .) panel ~  (  )   plastic ~   [] radiant ~   ribband [ribbon] ~ . gin strip rolled ~    roofing ~  rumble ~   (   ) rustication ~   []    (  ) screed ~   sealant ~     serrated ~   (   ) sheet ~ in coils    tackless ~  ( )      takeoff ~   welting ~  (  ) wrecking ~   [];    (     ) , , 
stripe 1. ; ; ;  ||   2. -  () 
striper: pavement paint ~   -  (   -, 
stripping 1. ;    2. ; - 3.  (. ) 4.    5.       ( ) <> ~ formwork from vertical elements     ~ of plastic lined form  []     ~ of vegetation   ;   ~ of wallpaper    hydraulic ~   weather ~ 1.   ( ) 2, - ;  ; 
stroke 1. ;  ()2.  (. ), ;  hand lever ~  []  ()
strongback 1.  () 2.   (        )
structure 1. ;   ( ) 2. ,  3.  4. pi ; ;   <> ~ beyond repair ,    (-  ), ~ designed by elastic method of analysis ,      ; ~ designed by plastic theory ,    ; ~ designed on an experimental basis  []  ; exposed to wind force ,    ; ,   -  ; ~ in design stage    ;  ;  in equilibrium    ; to make the ~ statically determinate      (   )} ~ subjected to specified loads ,   []  above-grade [above-ground] ~  air-supported ~    alien ~ ,      alignment ~  [-]  all-metal ~   all welded steel ~   ;    amorphous <w   () angle ~    appurtenant ~  -  (. , ) arched ~  ;      architectural ~   Armco multiplate superspan bridging ~S      (- ) armocement ~   aseismic ~   atomic reactor containment ~    auxiliary ~  ,   avalanche brake ~ -   backwater ~    bank protection ~   beam-andcolumn ~ -  block ~  box(-type) ~ - .    ; braced ~ 1.  []  2.     building ~  ;  bulkhead   (  ),   cantilever ~  ,    carrying   cased   ,    cast-in-situ ~   cellular ~  ;  ;   cladding ~   closure ~   coast-protecting ~ -  completed w  []  composite ~ 1.  ;   2.   concrete ~ 1.  ;   2.   concrete gravity ~    conjugation ~   continuous ~   control ~ 1.  2.  ;   conveyance ~    crest ~    crib ~   cross-wali ~s  []     crystalline ~   dead-end ~    dispersed ~   ( ) dome ~   drop ~ . ,   earth ~   earthquake-resistant ~   earth-sheltered ~  []   (        ,   ) encased ~   ,    enclosing ~s   engineering ~s  ; .   external protection ~    fish-protection ~   fixed gravity ~    floated-in ~ ,       floating ~   flocculated [flocculent] ~  []  () floor ~  ;  folded (plate) ~  ,   framed ~  [] ;  ;   freely supported ~    free standing tower ~    geological ~   girder ~   glass-block ~   glued ~  ,     granular ~   gravity ~   grid ~  []  ; --   guide ~   heated ~   [] (    ) heat-insulated ~   high-rise ~   high-strength ~  []   ;   hinged ~       ;   honeycomb ~ 1.  []  2.  ; -  ( ) hydraulic ~   hyperstatic ~    in-line ~   , -  m./. intake ~  []  laminated ~   large-block ~   large panel ~  ()  []; 1  ()  large span ~   lattice ~  [] ;   lightweight ~  ;   []  line(ar) ~s   (. , , ) . load-bearing ~  log ~  [] ,  long span ~  ;   major ~   ( ) manure storage ~  marine ~   mass(ive) concrete ~    metal ~  modular ~  ;   multilevel ~   multilevel cast-in-place parking ~     multilevel precast concrete bar ~       multiple span ~  ;   multistorey ~   nonbearing ~   nuclear energy ~s      [];    offshore ~  []  oil field ~   open parking ~  -   ;      open-pile braced ~     open-web ~   orthotropic ~   outfall ~  [, ] ;   outlet ~  [, ]  panel ~   parking ~    (  ),  - (   ),  - perlitic ~   () permanent ~   pile ~   pile-and-crib ~ -  plate ~s  ;   port ~   portable ~ - []  portal ~    post-and-beam ~ - , -  precast ~  ()   prestressed ~    prestressed pretensioned ~     () ,     ;   pretensioned ~    (    ) radial plan ~     rectilinear ~  ,      redundant ~    regulating ~   reinforced concrete ~   reinforced masonry ~   reinforced soil ~     reinforced timber ~   rigid ~  ,     ;   rigid-plastic ~      roof ~   seismic ~   self-supporting ~   shell ~  [] ,  simply supported ~    single span ~  ;   skeleton (-type) ~   soil ~   solid ~   space ~  ;   space-grid ~ -  spillway ~   sports ~   statically determinate ~    statically indeterminate ~    steel ~  ;   steel and concrete ~ - ,   steel bearing ~    storage ~ ,  stressed skin ~    ;   submerged ~   subsurface ~   supporting ~  []  surface ~   suspended ~  []  suspended cable net ~         tailrace ~    ;     tall ~   thin-shell ~   thin-walled prismatic ~      thin-walled steel ~        training ~  [-]  truss ~ 1.   2.   tube-in-tube ~       (    ,      ,   ) tubular ~   turnout ~ - ( ) unclad ~   (    ) underground ~   underpinning ~ ,   underwater ~   unified ~  []  unsafe ~  ,   (   , , -) unusual ~   urban ~     ,    utility ~s     vault ~   water-conveyance ~   water-diverting ~  ;   water-filled framed ~ -       (  ) waterfront ~   water retaining ~  [-] ;  []  welded ~  ;   zoned earthfill ~  [-]  
strut   ;   (); ;  angle ~      [];  -  axially loaded ~ ,    buttress bracing ~    double-angle ~  ()   []  single-angle ~  ()   
strutting   ,   floor ~      ,     herring-bone ~   
stub 1.  ;  2.  3.  ( ) 4.  || 
stub-in ,  ()
stucco 1.   2.    (  ) bustard ~  ()  painted ~   
stud 1.   ;   2.  () 3. ;  metal ~     ( ,  ) reflecting road ~    
studio 1.  (); ;  2.  3. -  broadcasting ~    
study ,  ||  analytical ~   design ~  ,  desk ~  () ;   feasibility ~ - ,  () highway impact ~ -  (  ) hydrologic ~   mock-up ~   [] motion ~    origin-destination ~      0- [-]
study-bedroom  
stuff ;  coarse ~        (  )
stuffing  
stump 1.  2. ,  (, )
stumper   (  );  
style  architectural ~   Empire ~  ( ) perpendicular ~   (   ,     XIV    XVI )
styling   ()
sub-angular     ;   
subassemblage   (   )
sub-back       (   )
sub-ballast   (  ); ,    
sub-base     
subcontractor 
subcooler 
subdiagonal  ( )
subdivision: improper ~  ,    
subdrain 1.    2.   building ~   ,        ,    ,    
subfloor   above-grade ~  ,     ( )
subgrade 1.  ,  2.   ( ) 3. .-.   ( ) 4.        artificial ~  
subhydrograph   
sublimation  forced ~  ;  
submergence  [] ();  
submission: ~ of a bid     ~ of a proposal    
submit    (, );    ()
submitted to action  
subpermafrost  
subpurlin  
subsidence 1. ,  () 2.  () 3.  (  .) 4.  5.  ( ) controlled ~   (      ) mining ~   ( )
subsoil  ;   
substance  harmful ~   hazardous ~   noxious ~   toxic ~  []  working ~   [] 
substation  air-conditioning ~   
substore  []  
substructure 1.      [] 2.  ,          (, , ) 
subsystem  building ~      (.   ) 
suburb  bedroom ~   ( ,    ) garden ~ -,  
subway    cycle ~     pedestrian ~    shallow ~    
sub-zero   () 
sucker: gulley ~ ;        scow ~   
suction ;  
suitability () ;   <> ~ for use   ,    ~ of concrete mix proportions to specifications        ~ of water for making concrete       
suite: ~ of rooms 1.   2. -/ ) WC ~    
sulfate  anhydrous calcium ~   water-soluble ~s   
sum  ~ of horizontal components    ~ of the moments at the joint     algebraic ~ of moments    cold ~    contingency ~  [ ]      contract ~     ,   [  ]   
summary: ~ of reinforcement   ( ,  ) bid ~ 1.     2.     3.    (      ) 
summer 1. ,    ;  2.  ,  3.     4.    []  
summerhouse  
summertree ,    ;  
summit      () 
sump , ;  dry ~  ,      pump ~  []  sludge ~  ,   slurry ~   wet ~  [] ;      
sumpwell  []  ;  []  
sunbreaker    (. , , -)
sunscreen  ,  
sunshade   []  
super .  
superchlorination 
supercooling 
superelevation 1.      2. 
superflatness    ()
superheat ,  
superheater 
superheating 
superimpose ;  (. )
superintendant ;  job ~   [ ];   
supermarket , 
superplasticizer ,   extended-life ~     
supersaturation 
superstore  (       2500 2)
superstructure 1.   () 2.   () 3.   ( ) building ~    crane ~ ()    girder and slab type ~  -   girder, slab and diaphragm type ~      nonslewing ~ ()    precast channel sections ~      [-]   precast I-beam section prefensioned ~       revolving ~ ()   (, ) slewing ~ ()   (, ) through-plate girder ~            
supervision   [] ~ of safety sites       architectural ~ on site     building ~  ,     construction ~  ,     contract ~ - day-to-day site ~      design ~     -technical ~   ( )
supplier (-)  ready mix ~     
supply ; ; ;  AC ~    air ~   central water ~   clustered water ~   cold ~  cold water ~ -  compact jet air ~    diffused air ~    direct hot water ~            district heat ~  ,  domestic water ~ -  emergency water ~   fire water ~   fixture ~     gas ~  heat ~ ;   hot water ~   indirect hot water ~           individual Witter ~   local water ~   low levet air ~        mains ~      overhead ~         pneumatic water ~      potable water ~   power ~   pressure air ~    single source heat ~         utility and drinking water ~ -  water ~  
support 1. ; ;   2.   3.    ( ) <> to ~ the pressure of the wet concrete -,     anchoring ~   [] angle ~   : ball ~   bar ~ ()   (     ) bracket ~   cable ~    center ~    column ~   ;   . concrete block bar-    (   ) cradle ~    elastic ~   exterior ~   flared ~     (  -. )  ; form ~   hinged ~   immediate ~ ;   interior ~  ;   intermediate ~   lateral ~  ()  liner backing ~  ()  outer ~   pipe(line) ~ ,  point ~   (, ) redundant ~   []  (   )  resilient ~   restrained ~  [, ]  saddle pipe ~      shoring ~     simple ~  {, ]  sliding ~   () temporary tunnel ~   ( ) terminal ~   timber ~   transposition ~   
suppression ,  dust ~  fire ~ ,  ,    odor ~   
suprapermafrost   
silprazone ,    ,   ()
surcharge 1.  ( ),  2.   
surety ; ;  
surface 1. ;  (- ),  (,   ..) 2. ;  reserved for traffic  (),     ; w stamped [textur-ed] with rubber mats     ,     [] ~ of rotation   ~ of rupture   ( ) llbraste w  ,   abutment ~  ;   adzed ~   antiskidding ~  (),      approach ~   ( ) architectural ~     as-cast concrete ~     bearing ~   bent ~   boiler evaporating ~    boiler heating ~    bottom ~ of the beam    bottom ~ of the slab    brushed (concrete) ~ () ,   chalky ~ (of concrete)  ( )   constructible ~ ,   contact ~  (]  cooling ~  ,   crystalline spangle zinc coated ~   ()    cultivable ~ ,     curved ~  ;   direct ~    dirt ~    equipotential ~   , exposed ~ of roofing felt    (  ) extended ~  (. -)   failure ~    ;   [] ;   ( )  faying ~ .  []  filtering ~   finish ~  ;   () finned w   i floor ~   () free water ~    freezing ~   friction ~   hard ~   () hard-troweled ~    heat exchange   -,   heating ~ 1.   2.   inclined ~   indirect ~    internal ~   level ~   matt gray zinc coated ~     . (.  ) middle ~   (. ) neutral ~   (. ) open water ~    overflow ~  ,  patterned concrete ~       [   ] pattern stamped ~    [ ]     (  .) phreatic ~   []  piezometer ~   plane ~ ;   plastered ~   primary ~ 1.    2.       ( 60    ) primary heating ~  []   radiant ~   reference level ~   ribbed ~   secondary heating ~  []   shear (ing) ~   [, ] skid-resistant ~ 1.   2.   sliding [slip] ~   slip-proof ~   smooth riding ~    specific ~   stress ~   structural ~  ()  supporting ~  []  textured ~  ;  []  top ~ of the beam    true plane ~  ;   turf ~  ,   () undulating ~   () wave ~   wearing ~   yield ~   ( )
surfacing 1.  []  2. ,   ( ) antisplash ~   ( ) dense tar ~   final ~   ( ) finish ~    track ~  ,   
surge 1.  ;  ;   2.   3.  (-) back ~   fan ~      pressure ~   storm ~   system ~    
surging 1. ;  2.  () system ~    
surveillance ; ;  quality ~    ()
survey  () acid dip ~   (    ) aerial visual ~   aeromagnetic ~   azimuthal ~   bathymetric ~   boundary ~  caliper ~   [] compass ~   condition ~    (, ) construction ~   control ~   electrical ~  electronic ~   engineering ~ 1.   2.    (  ) geologic ~ 1.   2. (  )   geophysical ~   gravity ~   horizontal ~  ;   hydrographic ~   infrared ~   initial ~  location ~   magnetic ~   photogrammetric ~ ,   plane-table ~   population ~   [] preliminary ~  quantity ~    ;   reconnaissance ~  reflection ~     refraction ~     resistivity ~  rock mechanics ~   route ~   seismic ~ ,   social ~   soil ~ - ; -  structural ~     theodolite ~   topographic ~   traverse ~  tunnel ~   underground ~ 1.   2.  
surveying  <> ~ by laser        aerial photographic ~ ,  engineering ~   geodetic ~   geophysical ~   plane ~   quantity ~ 1.      ( ) 2.     topographic ~  
surveyor 
susceptibility ; ;  <> ~ to corrosion  ,   ; ~ to frost   ;  ;  ; ~ to humidity [to moisture]    cracking ~   -
suspender  (    )
suspension 1.  2. ;  intermediate ~   [, ]   jib ~ with ties      [ ]
sustain  ()
swage ; ;  reinforcing ~  
swamp ;  [] 
swamper .  ;  ;   (   .)
swan-neck , , S-  
sweating  , -, 
swelling , ; , 
swing 1. ;  2. ;  (  ) <> in full ~    ( ),    ( ) temperature ~    ;       
swinging: load ~   ( )
swirl  
switch 1. , ; ; ;  2.  ( ) <> to ~ off the power    [ ]; to ~ on the power    [ ] automatic ~ 1.   [] 2.   boom hoist limit ~     boom limit ~     button ~   [] changeover ~   control ~   door contact ~    (   ) double-blade ~   double-pole ~   earthing ~ .  []   electropneumatic ~   emergency ~   [] enclosed ~  []    [] float ~   flush (-type) ~   ( ),   fused ~     grounding ~ .  []   handle ~  []   high-tension ~  []    knife ~  light ~    lightning ~   limit ~   master ~   (  ) multiple contact ~    oil ~   [] pendant ~  ( )  press ~   pressure ~   pull-type [push-and-pull] ~  []  railway ~    remote ~   runway ~     selector ~   ,     slip ~    split ~   spring ~   stop limit ~   () surface ~   thermal ~   time ~  ,  []  turn-button ~   twilight ~   two-way ~   wall ~  
switchboard   control ~   distribution ~  
switchbox  
switchgear  ;  
swivel 1. ;  2.  ; 
syenite 
symbol   (.  )
symmetry ;  <> ~ about two axes     axial ~   central ~   mirror ~   rotational ~   translational ~  
synagogue 
syphering  
system 1. ;  (. ),  2. ,  <> ~ in equilibrium  ,     ~ of forces   ~ of masses  ,    ~ of scaffolds    ~    (      ) AC ~ . air classification system acoustical ceiling ~      active solar energy ~    aesthetic value ~     () air classification ~    air cycle refrigerating ~    airfield soil classification ~ .    air pollution control ~       air-to-air ~   ( ) air-to-water ~   ( ) air transport ~   alarm ~    ,    all-air ~      (      ) all outside air ~     all-water coil ~   ,      all water fan coil ~     - -     approach lighting ~    ( ) arterial ~   () Atterberg soil classification ~     (  ) audio alarm ~    automated casting ~       automatic fire alarm ~      automatic fire protection ~     automatic flushing ~ 1.    ( ) 2.    balanced ~  [, ]  balanced ~ of streets  -  balanced ventilation ~  -  bar ~  ;   beam structural ~  ;  ;    bell alarm ~      Benoto piling ~     - (       ) bivalent heat pump ~         bleed-in ~   -      blow and exhaust ~  blow through air-conditioning w     blow through fan ~   ( ,     ) bootstrap ~ 1.   (,  ) 2.  ( )        3.         box ~     ( ),    bridge deck structured ~   British soil classification ~     building ~ 1.    1.      building automation ~   ( )  building-drainage ~    (     ) building gravity drainage ~     building management ~ .      built-in dust suppression ~  ( )   burglar alarm ~     cable ~   central air heating ~     central fan ~   (,  ,  ) centralized hot-water supply ~     central plant air conditioning ~     changeover ~  ( )     circulating ~   circulation water (supply) ~    closed ~    ,   closed heat-supply ~    closed-loop heat pump ~   -   -            closed-type steam heating ~     coding ~   (  . .) cogeneration ~   cold supply ~  - collapsing-ring bridge rail ~ -      combined drainage ~  -  combined sewage ~   complanar ~ of structural members    ( ) complanar force ~    complete-mix activated sludge ~ -- composite frame ~    (  ) compression ~    [] concrete suspended flooring ~          constant volume ~  ()     continuous conveying ~    [] () continuous suspension ~    (    ) control ~   cooling ~   coordinate ~   cost-efficient floor ~     crossbar approach lighting ~      ( ) cross blow ventilation ~   (  )  -   curtain walling ~       custom forming ~   ,     decentralized air conditioning ~     (  ) decentralized sewerage ~   deluge sprinkler ~    desiccant cooling ~       [] designation ~  ,   design-built ~   (),     diffusion-absorption ~ -   digital indicating ~      (  ) direct ~            direct air heating ~     direct cooling ~   ,    direct expansion ~  -  (  ) direct hot water ~     direct hot-water supply ~     direct return ~ 1.  -   2.    direct through air-conditioning ~     distribution ~ 1.  ;   2.   (     ) 3.   domestic hot water ~     domestic sewerage ~ -   Dot recording ~        double-pipe ~   double stack ~       down-feed ~      drainage ~ 1.   2.    (  ) 3.      () draw-in ~       draw-through (fan) ~ ()         drencher ~   drop ~ -       dry-pipe sprinkler ~    dual conduit [dual duct] ~   ( ) duct ~  []  ductless split air conditioning ~ . variable refrigerant volume system dust collecting ~   dust extract ~  [-]  early warning ~    economical floor ~     ejector refrigerating ~    elastic (mechanical) ~  ()  electric heating ~   electric reheat ~        energy management ~      environmental ~    exhaust ~   extract ~   FAA soil classification ~ . Federal aviation administration soil classification system fan coil ~       [] Federal aviation administration soil classification ~    fire alarm ~    fire-extinguishing ~  []  fire protection ~   [ ]  flat plate-pipe column floor ~     ,     floor (structural) ~   flow-through ~   F-number ~           ( F) force ~   forming-and-reinforcing ~ -  Porton ~   ( ) four pipe ~     gantry crane ~   gas heating ~    gravity ~ 1.   2.     gravity-flow heating ~      gravity sewerage ~    gravity steam heating ~        gravity water-supply ~    , grid ~    gridiron distribution w .         grounding ~   groundwater control   (     ) group water supply ~   gyratory ~        heat distribution ~    heating ~   heat-of-light ~       heat pump ~   heat recovery ~  ,     heat supply ~   heat-traced ~    high-intensity lighting ~     ( ) high temperature hot-water heating ~     high velocity ~      hold-over ~ 1.    (          - ) 2. -  holonomic ~  ()  hot-air ~   hot water ~ 1.    2.  []   hot-water circulation ~     hush piling ~   |1,     ] hybrid ~         hydraulic [hydraulically operated] control ~    ,, hydrophilic ~     hydrophobic ~         .;. indirect expansion ~        indirect hot-water supply     indirect refrigeration ~    (  ) individual sewage-disposal ~  ,    (     ) induction (air conditioning) ~ -    industrialized building ~s       inflation ~   ()      instrument landing ~     ( ) integral deck ~        integrated distribution floor ~      inverter driven VRV ~               ,     Jackson ~ -   land ~   ~ liquid overfeed Jw      local sewerage ~ . individual sewage disposal System low-pressure ~     ( ) low pressure hot water ~      low velocity ~      (   ) . main ~   maintenance management ~   ,( ) mass transit ~   materials-handling ~   [  ]  mechanical ~   mechanical refrigerating ~    mechanical supply ~ . plenum system medium pressure hot water ~        125 (noSS 5643) medium temperature hot water ~         12 - 177 ( ASHRAE) microbore heating ~  - ,       6 - 12  modular ~   modular air conditioning r     (    ) ~ modular compression sealing ~        modular decking ~             tf  modular precast building ~      ( ) multiple-degree ~      multiple web ~  []   multiple well ~   ,   multistage gas-supply ~   nail-free formwork ~      non-changeover ~      ;           octopus duct ~       oil fired heating ~  ,     once-through water-supply ~    one-degree ~  ( )     one-duct air-conditioning ~     one-pipe ~ 1.   () 2.    one-pipe loop ~       one-way ~   ( )    . , open ~  ;     open expansion tank ~    open-loop control ~    open return ~     ,     open steam heating ~     operation ~  []  overhead heating ~      overhead runway ~     (  ) packaged cogeneration ~ -        panel air(-conditioning) ~     (     ) panel-lock ~   [ ]        partially-separate ~    piping ~   [] plane ~ of forces    plane grid ~    []  plenum ~    plumbing ~  -  , ,     , ,   ; -   pneumatic conveying ~   post-tensioning ~  ()     preaction sprinkler ~   ,    ,      prefabricated pipe conduit ~       pressurization ~ 1.        (. ,  ) 2.        pressurized heating ~    ,    pressurized hot water ~     primary-secondary ~        principal ~   public ~      public waterwork ~   push-through (fan) ~ ()         quality ~  []   rail mounted track laying ~   raised floor ~    rapid transport ~    recool ~       recycling ~   recycling water ~    redundant bridge ~  ,   refrigerating [refrigeration] ~   [] regenerative air cycle ~      regional settlement ~    reheat ~ 1.       2.       return ~ 1.   2.   return air ~   () reverse return ~   (,  )          reverse return upfeed ~           rising heating ~      road ~   roofing ~ ,   run-around ~   ;   safety ~    scraper ~   ( ) sealed heating ~    ,    security ~    [] self-climbing form ~  ()  separate (sewerage) ~    series loop ~    sewage ~   shunt ~  (. )     single-degree (-of-freedom) ~      single duct air conditioning ~ -    single-pipe heating ~    single-pipe heat-supply ~    single-stack plumbing ~       single-storey heating ~   single web ~  []   single-zone air-conditioning ~     slab-stringer ~    small bore heating ~       12-19 MM smoke control ~     smoke extract ventilation ~   soil ~  -  soil absorption ~      solar heating ~    solid fuel heating ~  ,     split ~ 1        --  2.     sprinkler ~ 1.   2.   state plane coordinate ~    (  ) statically determinate ~    statically indeterminate ~    stationary ~ of loads  []   () steam heating ~    steel plate ~    storm sewer [storm-water] ~  ,  structural ~   () structural monitoring ~     [ ]   sub-atmospheric heating ~ -   subbuilding drainage ~          subsurface drainage ~   []  subsurface sewage disposal ~           supply air ~   supporting formwork ~  ,   () suspension structural ~  ;   swing joint ~     ,         taxiway ~    telpher ~       terminal reheat ~  ( )  -,      thermal storage heating ~ -  thermosiphon ~ .    three-pipe ~ 1.       2.      three-pipe air-conditioning ~   (     ) three-pipe heat supply ~    total energy ~      track laying ~  ,  trench shoring ~  ,    trussed ~  ,   truss-supported deck ~  ,        tube cleaning ~           two-degree (-of-freedom) ~      two-pipe ~ 1.   (,  ) 2.    two value ~ (of proportional balancing)               two-way ~   ( )    underfloor conduit ~    unvented ~  []  ( ,  ) up-feed heating ~      utility detection ~     vacuum heating ~ -   vacuum return ~        vacuum waste disposal ~    variable air volume ~  ()     variable refrigerant volume ~                   variable volume ~  ()     variable water volume ~           ,   VAV ~ . variable air volume system vented ~   (,  ) ventilation ~   VRV ~ . variable refrigerant volume system VWV ~ cm. variable water volume system warning ~  ;   (  ) water-air heating ~    water booster ~    (   ),  water-supply ~   water-to-air ~   ( ) water-to-water ~   ( - ) wellpoint ~  ,   - wet return ~    wind framing ~  ()  ( ),    wire cable control ~    wiring ~    zoned ~  []  zone reheat ~  ( )   
sy style  (    ,    ) 